“…To forecast future earnings, one needs to study current and previous financial statements, which serve as the building blocks for calculating earnings (Abarbanell & Bushee, 1997Bentes & Navas, 2013;Graham et al, 2003;Holloway et al, 2013;Navas et al, 2018;Piotroski, 2000). It is assumed that sooner or later earnings will be transformed into free cash flow for investors in the form of dividends (e.g., Beukes, 2011;Laih et al, 2015;Oppenheimer, 1984;Sareewiwatthana, 2011).…”