Analytical Determination of the Oxazolidinone Antibiotic Linezolid at a Pencil Graphite and Carbon Paste Electrodes

Abstract

Electrochemical properties of linezolid, an antibiotic drug, using unmodified renewable pencil graphite and carbon paste electrodes, were investigated from pH 2 to 10 in Britton-Robinson buffer solution. Experimental studies were examined by square-wave (SW) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). Firstly, parameters affecting the performance of both electrode, such as electrode activation, support electrolyte selection, pH effect, interval of potentials, scan rates and voltammetric method parameters were investigated in detail by using square wave voltammetry. Linezolid was not reversibly oxidized in supporting electrolytes solutions, yielding well-defined peaks in the oxidation potential interval. Using the pencil graphite electrode (PGE), a linearity range between peak current and concentration was obtained between 0.01 and 0.2 μg mL À 1 (2.96 × 10 À 8 -5.93 × 10 À 7 M), other one, at carbon paste electrode (CPE), a linearity range between 0.1 and 7.5 μg mL À 1 (2.96 × 10 À 7 -2.22 × 10 À 5 M) was obtained by SWV. The selectivity, sensitivity, precision, and other validation parameters of the developed voltammetric method was evaluated. Lastly, the concentration of linezolid was examined in pharmaceutical and biological samples with standard addition technique.

Nanotube‐Boramidic Acid Derivative for Dopamine Sensing

“…Figure 6 shows the working electrodes′ CVs in 0.2 M KCl in the presence of 5 mM hexacyanoferrate as a redox probe. Randles‐Sevcik formula (1) was utilized to measure the electroactive surface area of the working electrodes [29–31] …”

“…Randles-Sevcik formula (1) was utilized to measure the electroactive surface area of the working electrodes. [29][30][31]…”

Oxazolidinone Antibiotics: Chemical, Biological and Analytical Aspects

“…Other methods concern electrochemical techniques, which are interesting for their rapidity, affordability and selectivity. In this area, LNZ was also the oxazolidinone object of most studies [ 21 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 ]. In [ 45 ], the electrochemistry of LNZ was investigated and a method based on differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was developed for its quantification, using a glass carbon electrode.…”

“…The method was tested for the quantification of LNZ in pharmaceutical preparation and in urine, with LOD of 50 mg/L and linear response up to 200 mg/L. More recently, the use of new electrode materials, which is one of the main research topics in the field of electrochemistry, has led to the development of new methods [ 21 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 ]. The most recent are based on the use of graphene oxide–bentonite sodium composite modified electrodes [ 47 ], multiwalled carbon nanotubes modified carbon paste electrodes [ 43 , 46 ], unmodified renewable pencil graphite electrodes [ 44 ] or boron-doped diamond electrodes pretreated cathodically [ 21 ].…”

“…More recently, the use of new electrode materials, which is one of the main research topics in the field of electrochemistry, has led to the development of new methods [ 21 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 ]. The most recent are based on the use of graphene oxide–bentonite sodium composite modified electrodes [ 47 ], multiwalled carbon nanotubes modified carbon paste electrodes [ 43 , 46 ], unmodified renewable pencil graphite electrodes [ 44 ] or boron-doped diamond electrodes pretreated cathodically [ 21 ]. All were used for the detection of LNZ in pharmaceutical or biological samples, showing good performance concerning both linear concentration range and LOD.…”