Analytical Studies on Tara Tannins

Polymer structure of commercial hydrolyzable tannins by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization‐time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry

“…The repeating unit observed is 152 Da, as for sumach, and corresponds to the same basic structure ( IV ) indicated for sumach extract. In the case of tara tannin this is known to contain small amounts of ellagic acid and a much greater proportion of gallic acid 6. The MALDI‐TOF in Figure 7 confirms this finding.…”

“…It must also be kept in mind that while the repeating unit molecular weight is 152 Da, residues of quinic acid linked in the chain can also be present. Quinic acid is known to be present and included in some manner in the gallic acid chains of tara tannin 6–8. It appears to be linked in the chain in the same manner as gallic acid ( III ), hence slightly differently than what was proposed in previous work 7, 8…”

“…Hydrolyzable tannins, including chestnut, tara, sumach, chinese gall, turkey gall, oak, and some other commercial tannin extracts are of two types: (1) mixtures of sugars with oligomers of simple phenols such as gallic and digallic acids, and (2) ellagitannins mainly formed of esters of a sugar, mainly glucose, with gallic and digallic acids, and with more complex structures containing ellagic acid. Many studies on the structure of these tannins have been carried out and in general their structure is known 2–9. However, the structure of commercial, industrially extracted tannins appears to differ from what shown in the literature, the process of industrial extraction quite clearly changing the composition of the extract.…”

Temperature and solvent effects on polyphenol extraction process from chestnut tree wood

“…The composition of tannin extracts from chestnut wood (Pasch and Pizzi, 2002), bark (Garro-Galvez et al, 1997) and flesh (Hwang et al, 2001) has been determined and all belong to the group of hydrolysable tannins.…”

Avances en La Morfología Floral De Caesalpinia Spinosa (Feuillée Ex Molina) Kuntze “Tara”, Un Árbol Nativo De La Flora Peruana

“…The present study aims to firstly understand the floral morphology of one of those species, C. spinosa (Feuillée ex Molina) Kuntze, popularly known as "tara", a species native to Peru that has been used to obtain the tannins of its pods (Garro Gálvez et al 1997;Villanueva 2007;Bustamante & Bustamante 2009) and the gum of its seeds (Villanueva 2007;Bustamante & Bustamante 2007). The tannins are known because of their use in the fur and leather industries, and also because of their medicinal properties; the gum is currently used as a stabilizer and emulsifier of both drugs and foods, and even as a fixator of flavors and aromas in sodas (Villanueva 2007;Bustamante & Bustamante 2007).…”