Analytical techniques for the determination of biologically active quinones in biological and environmental samples

Abstract

Quinones are compounds that have various characteristics such as biological electron transporter, therapeutic agent and harmful environmental pollutant. Therefore, an effective analytical method for quinones is useful in many fields including biomedical, clinical and toxicological studies. This review describes the principle and feature of analytical techniques for quinones including high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet, fluorescence, chemiluminescence, electrochemical detection and mass spectrometry, gas chromatography with mass spectrometry and capillary electrophoresis. Furthermore, the sensitivity and the sample preparation method for the determination of several quinones such as vitamin K, ubiquinone, doxorubicin and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon quinone in biological and environmental samples are summarized.

A novel salting-out assisted extraction coupled with HPLC- fluorescence detection for trace determination of vitamin K homologues in human plasma

“…Hence, a pre-column fluorescence reduction to the fluorescent naphthohydroquinone derivatives was necessary. Several reduction methods were reported for the FL derivatization of vitamin K including; chemical reduction, electrochemical or photochemical reduction [35]. In addition, chemical reduction using zinc reactor, platinum reactor and sodium borohydride were employed for the FL derivatization of vitamin K [36].…”

Sensitive Determination of Quinones by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Ionization-Tandem Mass Spectrometry with Methanol Derivatization

“…Based on postcolumn fluorescence derivatization or chemiluminiscence, Kuroda and Kameda's group developed a series of methods for quinone determination. 17,[19][20][21][22][23][24] Though HPLC instruments are available to most laboratories, further applications are restricted for the high limit of detection (LOD). The mass spectrometer is a highly sensitive detector; however, determinations are more restricted to the atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) source for the low ionization efficiencies of quinones in electrospray ionization (ESI).…”

Simple SPE–HPLC determination of some common drugs and herbicides of environmental concern by pulsed amperometry

“…In recent years, the number of published papers dealing with the use of chromatographic methods with amperometric detection is growing thanks to selectivity, sensitivity and low cost of the detection technique [22]. Amperometric detection proved to be successful for the determination of compounds of environmental concern [23][24][25][26][27].…”