Analytical tests to evaluate pozzolanic reaction in lime stabilized soils

Akula, Pavan; Little, Dallas N.

doi:10.1016/j.mex.2020.100928

Cited by 44 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…This increase is in agreement with the earlier findings [22][23][24] found that the strength behavior of soils was greatly improved after lime treatment. The validation of the research results is the subject of a comparison with those mentioned by other predecessors, the compressive strength found is in almost typical relationships depending on the type of soil treated [25][26][27]. The resistance used in the laboratory for scales is that at 28 days Rc28 [28].…”

Section: Unconfined Compressive Strength Test (Ucs Test)mentioning

confidence: 85%

Stabilization of Gypsum Clay Soil by Adding Lime

Saidate¹,

Berga²,

Rikioui³

2022

Civ Eng J

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Often, the temperature and water variation exist in semi-arid areas of a clayey soil leads to vertical and horizontal settlements, cracks in the soil and in general disorder to the building installed on this soil. The objective of this work is to stabilize the local gypsum clay soil, which poses problems at the level of self-construction built on it. Chemical soil stabilization can improve soil properties. In fact, adding natural lime to these clays can provide an ideal solution for stabilizing them through interesting modifications to their geotechnical properties throw the experimental tests on both unstabilized and stabilized soil samples by adding lime in quantities of 2, 4, and 6%, in percentages by the soil's weight, prepared at room temperature, The unconfined compressive strength (UCS) at different curing ages is measured, The results obtained provide a significant increase in compressive strength and modulus of Elasticity which allow better qualities and improve strength parameters throughout any phase of earthwork construction design that leads to strengthening subgrades, reducing the thickness, and, as a result, low construction costs. The results of the study show that (1) for the best utilization effect, the optimum percentage of lime is 6%; (2) the UCS is 3.23 times of the pure soil after curing of 28 days under the optimum percentage of lime; (3) the curing age has a significant effect on strength; (4) the main reason for the strength increase of the modified soil is that the crystal produced by the pozzolanic activity fills the pores of the soil. The ideal percentage is 6% lime treatment with a resistance of 2.3 MPa and 135.60 MPa the value of elasticity modulus at 28 days. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-11-010 Full Text: PDF

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Section: Unconfined Compressive Strength Test (Ucs Test)mentioning

confidence: 85%

Stabilization of Gypsum Clay Soil by Adding Lime

Saidate¹,

Berga²,

Rikioui³

2022

Civ Eng J

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“…Soil affinity for calcium was satisfied initially at the Lönhult site and the 15-20% of calcium hydroxide in the structure lime possibly resulted in pozzolanic reactions from the start, as a significant increase in aggregate stability was observed in 2015. However, an alkaline environment with elevated pH of >10.5 (Akula and Little 2020) or approximately 12 (Beetham 2015) is essential for the occurrence of modifying and stabilising pozzolanic reactions. Whether such alkaline conditions prevailed in the soil at any of the sites at application of structure lime or directly afterwards was not measured in this study.…”

Section: Cation Exchange Short-livedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mechanisms involved in aggregate stabilisation can be examined in detail using e.g. X-ray diffraction or differential thermogravimetric analysis (Akula and Little 2020). Such an approach was beyond the scope of this study and therefore further work is needed to confirm the mechanisms involved in the observed increase and decrease in aggregate stability following structure liming of field soils.…”

Section: Discriminating Mineralogymentioning

confidence: 99%

Site characteristics determine the duration of structure liming effects on clay soil

Blomquist

Englund

Berglund

2022

AFSci

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Adding carbonated or non-carbonated lime to clay soils can lead to changes in aggregate stability. In Sweden, ‘structure liming’ with a mixed product (normally 80–85% calcium carbonate and 15–20% calcium hydroxide) is subsidised through environmental schemes to increase aggregate stability, thereby mitigating losses of particulate phosphorus (PP). This study assessed the effects of structure liming on aggregate stability in eight clay soils in southern Sweden, using turbidity as a proxy for aggregate stability. Turbidity in leachate from simulated rain events performed on aggregates (2–5 mm) in the laboratory was measured one and six years after application of four treatments 0, 4, 8 and 16 t ha-1 of a mixed structure liming product. The effect on turbidity was analysed for all application rates, but also as the contrast between the unlimed control and the mean of the limed treatments, to identify the general effect. A significant effect of structure liming on turbidity was found after one year. The effect decreased over time, but was still detectable after six years. However, there was a significant interaction between trial and treatment, indicating different reactions on different soils and suggesting that not all clay soils are suitable for structure liming if the desired objective is to lower the risk of PP losses. Clay content, initial pH and mineralogy may explain the different responses to structure liming. These findings show a need for a site-specific structure liming strategy. As a tentative recommendation, soils with a minimum clay content of approximately 25–30% and pH <7 should be preferred for structure liming.

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“…Generally, fine-grained mud soils (with at least 25 % passing the #200 sifter (74 mm) and a Plasticity Index more noteworthy than 10 %) are viewed as acceptable possibilities for stabilization. Soils containing huge measures of natural material (more noteworthy than around 1 %) or sulfates (more prominent than 0.3 %) may require extra lime and, additionally, special construction techniques [30]. Lime can permanently stabilize fine-grained soil utilized as a subgrade or subbase to make a layer with structural value in a pavement system.…”

Section: Effect Of Lime On Soil Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study of Improving the Properties of Lime-Stabilized Structural Lateritic Soil for Highway Structural Works using Groundnut Shell Ash

Amu

Adetayo

Faluyi

et al. 2021

Walailak J Sci & Tech

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This research considered the viability of groundnut shell ash (GSA) on lime-stabilized lateritic soil for highway structural works. Three samples of lateritic soil, named samples A, B, and C, were gathered from Idita-Mokuro, NTA-Mokuro, and ETF burrow pits, respectively, in Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria. Preliminary tests were completed on the samples in their natural states and when stabilized with optimum lime. Engineering properties were performed while 2, 4, and 6 % GSA contents were added to the soil samples at optimum lime. The Atterberg limit tests showed a significant reduction in the plasticity index for samples A and C when stabilized with lime. Compaction test showed a decrease in the maximum dry density from 1,685 to 1,590 kg/m3 for sample A, 1,599 to 1,512 kg/m3 for sample B, and 1,396 to 1,270 kg/m3 for sample C on stabilizing with lime; the introduction of GSA to stabilized lime soil diminished the maximum dry density for all the soil samples, with sample A reduced to 1,435 and 1,385 kg/m3 at 2 and 4 GSA contents, respectively. The addition of GSA improved the engineering properties of lime-stabilized soils as the unsoaked CBR esteems expanded for all soil samples. At an optimum lime dosage, the addition of 2 % GSA expanded the triaxial shear strength from 60.43 to 188.36 kN/m2 for sample A and, at 4 % GSA content, both soil samples B and C increased from 19.19 to 201.48 kN/m2 and 30.62 to 111.65 kN/m2, respectively. Conclusively, GSA improved the toughness and strength of lime-stabilized lateritic soil for highway structural works.

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Analytical tests to evaluate pozzolanic reaction in lime stabilized soils

Cited by 44 publications

References 24 publications

Stabilization of Gypsum Clay Soil by Adding Lime

Stabilization of Gypsum Clay Soil by Adding Lime

Site characteristics determine the duration of structure liming effects on clay soil

Experimental Study of Improving the Properties of Lime-Stabilized Structural Lateritic Soil for Highway Structural Works using Groundnut Shell Ash

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