“…Such controllable switch is necessary to engineer a high performance switching in microring resonator planar waveguide structures. The relationships between the electrical field amplitudes s1, s2 , r1 , r2 and E i1 are given by these set of equations [26], [29], Here s is the microring resonator transmission coefficient or also known as the coupler reflectivity, φ is the phase shift in one circle of the ring, which can be divided into two parts: the linear part φ 0 and the nonlinear part Δφ, i.e.…”