Anaplasma phagocytophilum DNA amplified from lesional skin of seropositive dogs

Berzina, Inese; Krudewig, Christiane; Silaghi, Cornelia; Matise, Ilze; Ranka, Renāte; Müller, Norbert; Welle, Monika Maria

doi:10.1016/j.ttbdis.2013.12.010

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Previous studies show that the “HGE agent” (HGA agent) appears to be more pathogenic for dogs than other variants [ 7 ]. In addition, in nearly all case reports of CGA the causative agent is thought to be the “HGE agent” (HGA agent) based on 16S rRNA identities [ 7 , 22 , 26 , 42 – 45 ], as we also observed in episode II of dog L11. Anaplasma phagocytophilum variant 4, which has sometimes been indicated as a “HGE variant” [ 22 , 26 ], was detected in two episodes of dogs L11 and M12 and probably contributes to pathogenesis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

A lifelong study of a pack Rhodesian ridgeback dogs reveals subclinical and clinical tick-borne Anaplasma phagocytophilum infections with possible reinfection or persistence

Hovius¹,

Bruin

Schouls

et al. 2018

Parasites Vectors

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BackgroundVarious tick-borne infections often occur without specific clinical signs and are therefore notoriously hard to diagnose separately in veterinary practice. Longitudinal studies over multiple tick seasons performing clinical, serological and molecular investigations in parallel, may elucidate the relationship between infection and disease. In this regard, six related Rhodesian Ridgeback dogs living as a pack became subject of lifetime studies due to ongoing tick infestations and recurring clinical problems. Blood samples for diagnostic tests were obtained throughout the years 2000 to 2009.MethodsData collected from clinical observations, hemograms, serology and detection of Anaplasma phagocytophilum, either by microscopy or by DNA amplification and typing, were placed in a time line. This dataset essentially presents as a prospective study enabling the association of the Anaplasma infections with occurring disease.ResultsAll six dogs were infected, and two of them developed particular clinical symptoms that could be associated with Anaplasma infections over time. More specifically, episodes of general malaise with fever and purpura with thrombocytopenia and bacterial inclusions in granulocytes, were found concurrently with Anaplasma DNA and specific antibodies in peripheral blood samples. DNA from A. phagocytophilum variant 4 (of 16S rRNA) was found in multiple and sequential samples. DNA-sequences from variant 1 and the human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (HGE) agent were also detected.ConclusionsIn this study two lifelong cases of canine anaplasmosis (CGA) are presented. The data show that dogs can be naturally infected concurrently with A. phagocytophilum variant 1, variant 4 and the HGE agent. The ongoing presence of specific antibodies and Anaplasma DNA in one dog indicates one year of persisting infection. Treatment with doxycycline during recurring clinical episodes in the other dog resulted in transient clinical improvement and subsequent disappearance of specific antibodies and DNA suggesting that re-infection occurred.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13071-018-2806-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

A lifelong study of a pack Rhodesian ridgeback dogs reveals subclinical and clinical tick-borne Anaplasma phagocytophilum infections with possible reinfection or persistence

Hovius¹,

Bruin

Schouls

et al. 2018

Parasites Vectors

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“…Ehrlichia canis and E. chaffeensis exposure were serologically excluded (256). The lack of typical clinical signs and thrombocytopenia in dogs with PCR-positive skin lesions could be suggestive of a persistent infection as reported in studies in sheep, suggesting that skin could be a site of persistence of A. phagocytophilum (313).…”

Section: Clinical Signsmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Consequently, A. phagocytophilum seems to be a rare cause of neurological disease in dogs and other potential etiologies or concurrent diseases should be ruled out before a final diagnosis of CGA. Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection is also suspected to induce skin lesions in dogs ( 34 , 313 ). In one study that investigated skin-associated lesions in seropositive dogs, four of 12 showed positive DNA amplification from skin lesions.…”

Section: Canine Granulocytic Anaplasmosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological and Clinicopathological Features of Anaplasma phagocytophilum Infection in Dogs: A Systematic Review

et al. 2021

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Anaplasma phagocytophilum is a worldwide emerging zoonotic tick-borne pathogen transmitted by Ixodid ticks and naturally maintained in complex and incompletely assessed enzootic cycles. Several studies have demonstrated an extensive genetic variability with variable host tropisms and pathogenicity. However, the relationship between genetic diversity and modified pathogenicity is not yet understood. Because of their proximity to humans, dogs are potential sentinels for the transmission of vector-borne pathogens. Furthermore, the strong molecular similarity between human and canine isolates of A. phagocytophilum in Europe and the USA and the positive association in the distribution of human and canine cases in the USA emphasizes the epidemiological role of dogs. Anaplasma phagocytophilum infects and survives within neutrophils by disregulating neutrophil functions and evading specific immune responses. Moreover, the complex interaction between the bacterium and the infected host immune system contribute to induce inflammatory injuries. Canine granulocytic anaplasmosis is an acute febrile illness characterized by lethargy, inappetence, weight loss and musculoskeletal pain. Hematological and biochemistry profile modifications associated with this disease are unspecific and include thrombocytopenia, anemia, morulae within neutrophils and increased liver enzymes activity. Coinfections with other tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) may occur, especially with Borrelia burgdorferi, complicating the clinical presentation, diagnosis and response to treatment. Although clinical studies have been published in dogs, it remains unclear if several clinical signs and clinicopathological abnormalities can be related to this infection.

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“…In one study DNA of A. phagocytophilum was detected in skin lesions in a few dogs (Berzina et al . ), the relevance of these findings is unclear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Granulocytic anaplasmosis in 63 dogs: clinical signs, laboratory results, therapy and course of disease

Chirek

Silaghi

Kohn

2017

J of Small Animal Practice

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Anaplasma phagocytophilum DNA amplified from lesional skin of seropositive dogs

Cited by 11 publications

References 32 publications

A lifelong study of a pack Rhodesian ridgeback dogs reveals subclinical and clinical tick-borne Anaplasma phagocytophilum infections with possible reinfection or persistence

A lifelong study of a pack Rhodesian ridgeback dogs reveals subclinical and clinical tick-borne Anaplasma phagocytophilum infections with possible reinfection or persistence

Epidemiological and Clinicopathological Features of Anaplasma phagocytophilum Infection in Dogs: A Systematic Review

Granulocytic anaplasmosis in 63 dogs: clinical signs, laboratory results, therapy and course of disease

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