Anatomical organization of neurons descending from the supraesophageal ganglion of the lobster

Notvest, Ronald R.; Page, Charles H.

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(81)90194-3

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Since hemi- and holo- metabolous insects diverged at least 280 million years ago 33 66 67 , the similarities in the number and distribution of DNs among these insects implies a high level of conservation. In addition to the conservation in DN numbers across the insect class, the number of supraesophageal DNs in lobster have been estimated to be around 600–700 68 , suggesting that DN numbers are conserved across arthropods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organization of descending neurons in Drosophila melanogaster

Hsu

Bhandawat

2016

Sci Rep

110

145

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Neural processing in the brain controls behavior through descending neurons (DNs) - neurons which carry signals from the brain to the spinal cord (or thoracic ganglia in insects). Because DNs arise from multiple circuits in the brain, the numerical simplicity and availability of genetic tools make Drosophila a tractable model for understanding descending motor control. As a first step towards a comprehensive study of descending motor control, here we estimate the number and distribution of DNs in the Drosophila brain. We labeled DNs by backfilling them with dextran dye applied to the neck connective and estimated that there are ~1100 DNs distributed in 6 clusters in Drosophila. To assess the distribution of DNs by neurotransmitters, we labeled DNs in flies in which neurons expressing the major neurotransmitters were also labeled. We found DNs belonging to every neurotransmitter class we tested: acetylcholine, GABA, glutamate, serotonin, dopamine and octopamine. Both the major excitatory neurotransmitter (acetylcholine) and the major inhibitory neurotransmitter (GABA) are employed equally; this stands in contrast to vertebrate DNs which are predominantly excitatory. By comparing the distribution of DNs in Drosophila to those reported previously in other insects, we conclude that the organization of DNs in insects is highly conserved.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organization of descending neurons in Drosophila melanogaster

Hsu

Bhandawat

2016

Sci Rep

110

145

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…At the same time, there are only single data on the results of the electrical stimulation of the cerebral ganglia in the crayfish, contrary to many studies of such kind in insects, since the 1960s (Huber, 1960) up to now (Heinrich, 2002). Despite the thorough investigation of many brain neuropils and their interconnections (Sandeman et al, 1992;Sandeman et al, 1995;Sullivan & Beltz, 2001, there is almost no anatomical evidence on the localization of the descending neurons within the brain (Horiuchi et al, 1971;Notvest & Page, 1981).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%