Anatomical Variations of the Blood Vascular System in Veterinary Medicine. The Internal Iliac Artery of the Dog. Part Two

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the variability of the internal pudendal artery. Two hundred and thirty-two pelvic halves from 116 adult dogs were examined. Twenty-six anatomical variations were found, thirteen occurring in more than 5% of the dogs. Anatomical variations were grouped in relation to the origin of the prostatic/vaginal arteries, middle rectal artery, urethral artery, ventral perineal and caudal rectal arteries. The chi-squared test was used to analyse differences in sex, side of the body, profile and size, and the results were considered statistically significant when P ≤ 0.05. An identical vascular pattern in both hemipelvises was found for most of the anatomical variations described.

Anatomical Variations of the Blood Vascular System in Veterinary Medicine: The Internal Iliac Artery of the Dog - Part Three

“…The anatomical variations of the CGA (Avedillo et al., ) and IPA (Avedillo et al., ) in the dog were accurate studied and classified. In the present study, we will discuss the anatomical variations of the UA following the same established criteria.…”

“…The anatomical variations of the blood vascular system (AVBVS) have been previously described in dog with special reference to the caudal gluteal (CGA) (Avedillo et al., ) and internal pudendal (IPA) (Avedillo et al., ) arteries. In most domestic animals, the internal iliac artery (IIA) has three main branches: the CGA and the IPA parietal and visceral branches, respectively, and the umbilical artery (UA).…”

Anatomic Variations of the Perineal Arteries and Nerves in the Male and Female Dog and Its Clinical Implications

“…However, studies have shown anatomical variations in the caudal gluteal and internal pudendal arteries and their branches [1,2]. To evaluate the presumptive variations of the IIA in dogs, Avedillo et al [1][2][3] established a model of the general organization and distribution of the canine IIA using the guidelines established by the Nomina Anatomica Veterinaria [4]. The model was based on an "official illustration" made by Paul Simoens [5] and was designed to be easily followed.…”

“…The model was based on an "official illustration" made by Paul Simoens [5] and was designed to be easily followed. When the model was compared to their findings, several anatomical variations were described in the caudal gluteal [1] and the internal pudendal [2] arteries and their branches.…”

“…The internal pudendal artery branches are the prostatic/vaginal, ventral perineal, and penile/clitoral arteries, and the caudal gluteal artery branches are the iliolumbar, cranial gluteal, lateral caudal, satellite of the ischiatic nerve, and dorsal perineal arteries. However, studies have shown anatomical variations in the caudal gluteal and internal pudendal arteries and their branches [ 1 , 2 ]. To evaluate the presumptive variations of the IIA in dogs, Avedillo et al [ 1 , 2 , 3 ] established a model of the general organization and distribution of the canine IIA using the guidelines established by the Nomina Anatomica Veterinaria [ 4 ].…”