Anatomically preserved fossil cornalean fruits from the Upper Cretaceous of Hokkaido: <i>Eydeia hokkaidoensis</i> gen. et sp. nov.

Stockey, Ruth A.; Nishida, Harufumi; Atkinson, Brian A.

doi:10.3732/ajb.1600151

Cited by 18 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(90 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This suite of fruit characters is characteristic of several taxa within Cornales (Eyde, 1963; Eyde, 1967; Eyde, 1988; Takahashi, Crane & Manchester, 2002; Manchester, Xiang & Xiang, 2010; Xiang, Thomas & Xiang, 2011; Atkinson, 2016; Stockey, Nishida & Atkinson, 2016). More specifically, the endocarp of the Shelter Point fruit contains isodiametric and elongated sclereids, as well as secretory cavities, which are characteristic of some species within Cornaceae (Eyde, 1988; Takahashi, Crane & Manchester, 2002; Manchester, Xiang & Xiang, 2010; Atkinson, 2016; Stockey, Nishida & Atkinson, 2016), and the extinct taxon Suciacarpa starrii Atkinson (2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The Late Cretaceous was a critical time for the initial phylogenetic radiation of the basal asterid order, Cornales (Knobloch & Mai, 1986; Mai, 1993; Takahashi, Crane & Manchester, 2002; Schenk & Hufford, 2010; Xiang, Thomas & Xiang, 2011; Manchester, Grímsson & Zetter, 2015; Atkinson, 2016; Stockey, Nishida & Atkinson, 2016). The most accepted earliest known cornalean fossils are fruits of Hironoia fusiformis Takahashi, Crane & Manchester (2002) from the early Coniacian of Japan.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most accepted earliest known cornalean fossils are fruits of Hironoia fusiformis Takahashi, Crane & Manchester (2002) from the early Coniacian of Japan. Recently, additional anatomically preserved cornalean fruits were recovered from Upper Cretaceous deposits including those of Eydeia hokkaidoensis Stockey, Nishida & Atkinson (2016) from the Santonian of Japan and the aforementioned Suciacarpa starrii (Atkinson, 2016) from the Campanian of North America. The phylogenetic relationships of these Coniacian, Santonian, and Campanian taxa are uncertain and at this point it appears that they probably represent stem lineages within Cornales (Atkinson, 2016; Stockey, Nishida & Atkinson, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many taxa within Cornales, including Cornus , have endocarps with no internal vasculature for much of their length; however, bundles run in the mesocarp along the outer periphery of the septa, for some distance before entering the endocarp towards the apex and traversing the septa to supply the seeds (Horne, 1914; Wilkinson, 1944; Eyde, 1963; Eyde, 1967; Eyde, 1988; Manchester, Xiang & Xiang, 2010; Woźnicka, Melosik & Morozowska, 2015; Atkinson, 2016; Stockey, Nishida & Atkinson, 2016). Although the apex of the fossil fruit is missing, due to the conspicuous absence of any internal vascular tissue, it is most likely that this endocarp had a similar vascular pattern.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As part of a broader initiative to understand the earliest evolutionary patterns and relationships of the order Cornales (see Atkinson, 2016; Stockey, Nishida & Atkinson, 2016), we describe a permineralized fruit assigned to Cornus cf. piggae from the Cretaceous (Campanian ∼73 Ma) of Vancouver Island.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Cretaceous origin of dogwoods: an anatomically preservedCornus(Cornaceae) fruit from the Campanian of Vancouver Island

Atkinson

Stockey

Rothwell

2016

PeerJ

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundCornaceae consists of 58 species, all within the genus Cornus. The Cenozoic record of Cornus is extensive and well documented. Molecular divergence-time studies suggest that crown-group Cornus may have originated by the Late Cretaceous. However, there has been no formal report of Cornus from Cretaceous deposits. Here, we characterize a permineralized fossil fruit assignable to Cornus subg. Cornus from the Upper Cretaceous (Campanian) Shelter Point locality of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada.MethodsSerial sections of the specimen were made using the cellulose acetate peel technique. Peels were mounted onto microscope slides and studied by light microscopy.ResultsThe fossil fruit consists of a tri-locular woody endocarp with dorsal germination valves. The locules are sub-triangular to ellipsoidal in transverse section and are separated by thin septa. Endocarp tissue consists of elongated and isodiametric sclereids and secretory cavities. Internal vascular tissue was not observed, but is interpreted to have been located along the outer periphery of the septa for some length, common in many cornalean taxa. There is one seed in each locule, one of which was found to have endosperm and a dicotyledonous embryo.DiscussionWoody endocarps with germination valves, without central vascular bundles, and with one seed per locule are characteristic of several families within the order Cornales. The interpreted vascular pattern and presence of secretory cavities indicates that the fossil fruit is assignable to Cornus subg. Cornus. Comparative analysis suggests that the fossil is most similar to Cornus piggae, a species described from the Paleocene of North Dakota. This fossil is the first evidence of crown-group Cornaceae from the Cretaceous and sheds light on both the plesiomorphic fruit characters and the timing of the initial diversification of the family and basal asterid lineage, Cornales.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Cretaceous origin of dogwoods: an anatomically preservedCornus(Cornaceae) fruit from the Campanian of Vancouver Island

Atkinson

Stockey

Rothwell

2016

PeerJ

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

The critical role of fossils in inferring deep‐node phylogenetic relationships and macroevolutionary patterns in Cornales

Atkinson

2018

American J of Botany

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Cornalean affinities, phylogenetic significance, and biogeographic implications of Operculifructus infructescences from the Late Cretaceous (Campanian) of Mexico

Hayes

Smith

Montellano-Ballesteros

et al. 2018

American J of Botany

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IN ENGLISH PREMISE OF THE STUDY: Cretaceous Cornales provide a crucial record of the early history of asterids. Most lineages of the order are well represented in the fossil record, but South African families of Curtisiaceae and Grubbiaceae remain poorly understood. Seventy-three specimens of a fossil infructescence belonging to the genus Operculifructus Estrada-Ruiz & Cevallos-Ferriz emend. Hayes & Smith from the Late Cretaceous (Campanian) El Gallo Formation, Baja California, Mexico bear previously undescribed characters that suggest a relationship to Grubbiaceae. METHODS: Microstructures of the fossils were examined through light microscopy and x-ray microcomputed tomography (microCT) scanning. Modern Grubbia tomentosa (Thunb.) Harms fruits were scanned for comparison to the fossil material. Phylogenetic analyses using the 77 fruit characters of Atkinson (2018) were performed to test relationships of the fossil to major lineages of the order. Several analyses applied topological constraints to the extant taxa, based on various genetically supported hypotheses of relationship within Cornales. KEY RESULTS: Novel structures of Operculifructus newly observed here include (1) anatropous ovules, (2) drupaceous fruits, (3) an epigynous disc, (4) and a stylar canal in the center of the disc aligned with the micropylar protrusion of the seed. Phylogenetic analysis consistently resolves Operculifructus as sister to Grubbiaceae. CONCLUSIONS: Operculifructus provides direct evidence for the occurrence of Grubbiaceae in the Late Cretaceous, much older than previous Eocene evidence. The phylogeny of Atkinson (2018) indicates that the new phylogenetic position recovered for Operculifructus also establishes the presence of the most basal drupaceous cornalean fruits in North America by the Campanian. RESUMEN EN ESPAÑOL HIPÓTESIS DE LA INVESTIGACIÓN: Cornales cretácicos representan un registro esencial en la historia de los astéridos. Casi todos los linajes del orden están bien representados en el registro fósil, pero las familias africanas sureñas Curtisiaceae y Grubbiaceae permanecen pobremente entendidas. Setenta y tres ejemplares de una infrutescencia fósil perteneciente al género Operculifructus Estrada-Ruiz & Cevallos-Ferriz emend. Hayes & Smith de la formación campaniana (Cretácico Tardío) El Gallo, Baja California, México, poseen caracteres no descritos previamente y sugieren una relación con Grubbiaceae. METODOLOGÍA: Microestructuras de los fósiles fueron examinadas con microscopio de luz y microtomografía computarizada (micro-CT) de rayos X. Frutos actuales de Grubbia tomentosa (Thunb.) Harms fueron escaneados para su comparación con el material fósil. Se realizaron análisis filogenéticos usando los 77 caracteres de frutos de Atkinson (2018) RESULTADOS CENTRALES (CRUCIALES): Las estructuras novedosas de Operculifructus, recientemente observadas aquí, incluyen (1) óvulos anátropos; (2) frutos drupáceos; (3) disco epígino; y (4) un canal estilar en el centro del disco alineado con la protuberancia micropilar de la semil...

show abstract

Anatomically preserved fossil cornalean fruits from the Upper Cretaceous of Hokkaido: Eydeia hokkaidoensis gen. et sp. nov.

Cited by 18 publications

References 42 publications

Cretaceous origin of dogwoods: an anatomically preservedCornus(Cornaceae) fruit from the Campanian of Vancouver Island

Cretaceous origin of dogwoods: an anatomically preservedCornus(Cornaceae) fruit from the Campanian of Vancouver Island

The critical role of fossils in inferring deep‐node phylogenetic relationships and macroevolutionary patterns in Cornales

Cornalean affinities, phylogenetic significance, and biogeographic implications of Operculifructus infructescences from the Late Cretaceous (Campanian) of Mexico

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About