Anatomy and Pathology of the Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands

The Prevalence and Features of Thyroid Pyramidal Lobe, Accessory Thyroid, and Ectopic Thyroid as Assessed by Computed Tomography: A Multicenter Study

“…p-Values of significant difference between men and women, by chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test, and Student's t-test (two-tailed) with statistical significance set at a = 0.05. thyroid, ectopic thyroid, absence or separation of isthmus, and retrotracheal extension. (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10). The accessory and ectopic thyroids were distinguished in this study according to the presence or absence of the main thyroid in a normal thyroid fossa.…”

“…T he pyramidal lobe is an accessory lobe of the thyroid gland and an embryological remnant of the thyroglossal duct, and an estimated 50%-70% of people have a pyramidal lobe (1). Based on studies using a limited number of cadavers, differing values for the prevalence of the pyramidal lobe have been reported ranging from 15% to 75% (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7).…”

Ultrasonographic Features of the Major Salivary Glands after Radioactive Iodine Ablation in Patients with Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

“…Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common form of thyroid cancer in children and adults (Loevner 2011). The use of radioiodine ablation (RIA) for the complete removal of remnant PTC after total thyroidectomy is well established (Mandel and Mandel 2003;Samaan et al 1992), whereas radiotherapy is not commonly used.…”

Computed Tomography Features of Incidentally Detected Diffuse Thyroid Disease

“…Thyroid disease is classified into nodular and diffuse types, and diffuse thyroid disease (DTD) includes autoimmune and nonautoimmune thyroid disease [ 1 ]. Autoimmune thyroid disease includes conditions such as Hashimoto thyroiditis, chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, Graves' disease, and silent/painless/postpartum thyroiditis, and nonautoimmune thyroid disease includes conditions such as acute thyroiditis, subacute thyroiditis, and diffuse hyperplasia [ 1 – 3 ]. DTD is a major cause of thyroid dysfunction; Graves' disease and silent thyroiditis are usually associated with thyroid hyperfunction, while Hashimoto thyroiditis is typically associated with hypofunction [ 1 ].…”