Anatomy, Histology, and Physiology of the Canine Prostate Gland

Leis-Filho, Antonio Fernando; Fonseca‐Alves, Carlos Eduardo

doi:10.5772/intechopen.81410

Cited by 12 publications

(28 citation statements)

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“…[ 38 ] However, modern descriptions have lost this distinction and describe a histologically homogenous gland. [ 5 , 39 ] We previously published an immunohistochemical key for identifying and objectively quantifying mouse prostatic epithelial, perivascular, and fibromuscular cells. [ 21 ] We apply an adapted immunohistochemical key here to test whether dog prostate cell types are homogenously distributed across the gland.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We successfully stained dog prostate sections with the same antibodies and same antibody combinations previously used to identify mouse prostatic cell types, enabling future comparisons between these two model species. We also determined the abundance and distribution of individual cell types to enable comparisons to human prostate [ 13 , 14 ] and address whether canine prostate has a homogeneous [ 5 , 39 ] or heterogenous [ 38 ] composition. Our activities establish a baseline cellular map of the canine prostate that will be used to determine the impact of age, inflammation and other disease processes on prostatic cellular composition and to ultimately identify disease causing cell types.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An immunohistochemical prostate cell identification key indicates that aging shifts procollagen 1A1 production from myofibroblasts to fibroblasts in dogs prone to prostate-related urinary dysfunction

et al. 2020

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Background The identity and spatial distribution of prostatic cell types has been determined in humans but not in dogs, even though aging- and prostate-related voiding disorders are common in both species and mechanistic factors, such as prostatic collagen accumulation, appear to be shared between species. In this publication we characterize the regional distribution of prostatic cell types in the young intact dog to enable comparisons with human and mice and we examine how the cellular source of procollagen 1A1 changes with age in intact male dogs. Methods A multichotomous decision tree involving sequential immunohistochemical stains was validated for use in dog and used to identify specific prostatic cell types and determine their distribution in the capsule, peripheral, periurethral and urethral regions of the young intact canine prostate. Prostatic cells identified using this technique include perivascular smooth muscle cells, pericytes, endothelial cells, luminal, intermediate, and basal epithelial cells, neuroendocrine cells, myofibroblasts, fibroblasts, fibrocytes, and other hematolymphoid cells. To enhance rigor and transparency, all high resolution images (representative images shown in the figures and biological replicates) are available through the GUDMAP database at https://doi.org/10.25548/16-WMM4 . Results The prostatic peripheral region harbors the largest proportion of epithelial cells. Aging does not change the density of hematolymphoid cells, fibroblasts, and myofibroblasts in the peripheral region or in the fibromuscular capsule, regions where we previously observed aging- and androgen-mediated increases in prostatic collagen abundance Instead, we observed aging-related changes the procollagen 1A1 positive prostatic cell identity from a myofibroblast to a fibroblast. Conclusions Hematolymphoid cells and myofibroblasts are often identified as sources of collagen in tissues prone to aging-related fibrosis. We show that these are not the likely sources of pathological collagen synthesis in older intact male dogs. Instead, we identify an aging-related shift in the prostatic cell type producing procollagen 1A1 that will help direct development of cell type and prostate appropriate therapeutics for collagen accumulation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An immunohistochemical prostate cell identification key indicates that aging shifts procollagen 1A1 production from myofibroblasts to fibroblasts in dogs prone to prostate-related urinary dysfunction

et al. 2020

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“…We successfully stained dog prostate sections with the same antibodies and same antibody combinations previously used to identify mouse prostatic cell types, enabling future comparisons between these two model species. We also determined the abundance and distribution of individual cell types to enable comparisons to human prostate[13, 14] and address whether canine prostate has a homogeneous[5, 39] or heterogenous[38] composition. Our activities establish a baseline cellular map of the canine prostate that will be used to determine the impact of age, inflammation and other disease processes on prostatic cellular composition and to ultimately identify disease causing cell types.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 It was previously hypothesized that an enlarged prostate gland of non-neoplastic origin (benign prostatic hyperplasia, benign prostatic hypertrophy, and/or benign prostatic enlargement) was solely responsible for the syndrome. 2–5 However, men with enlarged prostates can be asymptomatic and prostate size is weakly correlated with symptom severity. 6,7 Recent studies show stronger correlations among prostatic inflammation (prostatitis), collagen accumulation (fibrosis), and LUTS severity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An immunohistochemical prostate cell identification key indicates that aging shifts procollagen 1A1 production from myofibroblasts to fibroblasts in dogs prone to prostate-related urinary dysfunction

Ruetten

Cole

Wehber

et al. 2020

Preprint

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34Background: The identity and spatial distribution of prostatic cell types has been 35 determined in humans but not in dogs, even though aging-and prostate-related voiding 36 disorders are common in both species and mechanistic factors, such as prostatic collagen 37 accumulation, appear to be shared between species. In this publication we characterize 38 the regional distribution of prostatic cell types in the young intact dog to enable 39 comparisons with human and mice and we examine how the cellular source of 40 procollagen 1A1 changes with age in intact male dogs. 41Methods: A multichotomous decision tree involving sequential immunohistochemical 42 stains was validated for use in dog and used to identify specific prostatic cell types and 43 determine their distribution in the capsule, peripheral, periurethral and urethral regions of 44 the young intact canine prostate. Prostatic cells identified using this technique include 45 perivascular smooth muscle cells, pericytes, endothelial cells, luminal, intermediate, and 46 basal epithelial cells, neuroendocrine cells, myofibroblasts, fibroblasts, fibrocytes, and 47 other hematolymphoid cells. Corresponding images were made freely accessible through 48 the GUDMAP database at https://doi.org/10.25548/16-WMM4. 49 Results: The prostatic peripheral region harbors the largest proportion of epithelial cells. 50 Aging does not change the density of hematolymphoid cells, fibroblasts, and 51 myofibroblasts in the peripheral region or in the fibromuscular capsule, regions where we 52 previously observed aging-and androgen-mediated increases in prostatic collagen 53 abundance Instead, we observed aging-related changes the procollagen 1A1 positive 54 prostatic cell identity from a myofibroblast to a fibroblast. 55 Conclusions: Hematolymphoid cells and myofibroblasts are often identified as sources 56 of collagen in tissues prone to aging-related fibrosis. We show that these are not the likely 57 sources of pathological collagen synthesis in older intact male dogs. Instead, we identify 58 an aging-related shift in the prostatic cell type producing procollagen 1A1 that will help 59 direct development of cell type and prostate appropriate therapeutics for collagen 60 accumulation. 61 62 Keywords: fibrosis, BPH, Collagen, LUTS 63 64 1. Introduction 65 Men and dogs develop prostatic disorders spontaneously and in an aging-and 66 androgen-dependent fashion.[1-11] Human and dog prostates organize into distinct 67 anatomical zones with an externally bound fibromuscular capsule (anatomical features 68 not shared by the mouse prostate).[12] Careful histological and molecular analyses of 69 human prostate have revolutionized our understanding of the cell types of the prostate, 70revealing a gland that contains at least five epithelial cell types and three fibroblast-like 71 stromal cell types that are organized into three zones. [13, 14] Canine prostate cell types 72 and their spatial distribution across the gland have not been extensively examined using 73 modern molecular a...

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“…Кластер цих генів займає близько 265 т.п.н. і розміщений у довгому плечі 19-ї хромосоми людини разом із п'ятнадцятьма іншими калікреїновими генами (KLK1-KLK15) [6][7][8], гомологія послідовностей амінокислот яких із геном ПСА становить від 27 до 85 % [9,10].…”

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Prostat-Specific Antigen: Biochemical, Molecular-Biological, and Analytical Aspects

Sydyakina

Sivakova

Komar

et al. 2019

Innov Biosyst Bioeng

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Anatomy, Histology, and Physiology of the Canine Prostate Gland

Cited by 12 publications

References 23 publications

An immunohistochemical prostate cell identification key indicates that aging shifts procollagen 1A1 production from myofibroblasts to fibroblasts in dogs prone to prostate-related urinary dysfunction

An immunohistochemical prostate cell identification key indicates that aging shifts procollagen 1A1 production from myofibroblasts to fibroblasts in dogs prone to prostate-related urinary dysfunction

An immunohistochemical prostate cell identification key indicates that aging shifts procollagen 1A1 production from myofibroblasts to fibroblasts in dogs prone to prostate-related urinary dysfunction

Prostat-Specific Antigen: Biochemical, Molecular-Biological, and Analytical Aspects

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