2000
DOI: 10.1021/ja0016811
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Anatomy of a Gel. Amino Acid Derivatives That Rigidify Water at Submillimolar Concentrations

Abstract: On the basis of suggestive X-ray data, 14 aroyl L-cystine derivatives were designed, synthesized, and examined for their ability to gelate water. Several members of this amino acid family are remarkably effective aqueous gelators (the best being one that can rigidify aqueous solutions at 0.25 mM, ca. 0.01%, in less than 30 s!). A few of the analogues separate from water as crystals, indicating a close relationship between gelation and crystallization. All effective gelators self-assemble into fibrous structure… Show more

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Cited by 392 publications
(350 citation statements)
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“…3 Chiral bisurea compounds were chosen because the anion binding capabilities of the urea group are well understood, 4,5 and the gel properties of compounds that contain urea groups have also been extensively studied. [6][7][8][9][10] Therefore it was easy to speculate that the two could be used together within the same system.…”
Section: Aimsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…3 Chiral bisurea compounds were chosen because the anion binding capabilities of the urea group are well understood, 4,5 and the gel properties of compounds that contain urea groups have also been extensively studied. [6][7][8][9][10] Therefore it was easy to speculate that the two could be used together within the same system.…”
Section: Aimsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The addition of glucono-d-lactone has been largely employed in the last 5 years to control the morphology of the fibres obtained by modifying the pH medium at local scale. [6][7][8][9] Extensive studies on the early stages of the formation of physical gels are crucial to underpin the main structural criteria that later defines both the mechanical properties [10] and responsive nature of the obtained self-assembled materials. The mechanism of self-assembly of a pH-sensitive low molecular weight hydrogelator (LMWG) has proved the crucial importance of the control of the pH turning at the local scale to generate monodisperse well-defined fibers.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…16 The gelation phenomenon is driven here by a favorable backbone orientation (CH 2 -S-S-CH 2 dihedral angle $87 to 99 ) enhanced by cooperative hydrogen-bonding and p-p stacking interactions (Fig. 1).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%