Anchoring energy of nematic liquid crystals on zinc oxide film

Ryu, Dae Geon; Choi, Gyu Jin; Mishra, Rajneesh Kumar; Gwag, Jin Seog

doi:10.1007/s40042-021-00071-9

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…for arbitrary n d /n cr . For relativistically hot classical plasma an expression for effective mass factor G cl can be found in [36,38]. Note, that the degenerate fluid equation ( 11) is valid in the long wave-length limit (k ≪ 1); the characteristic frequencies are much greater than the De Broglie frequency: ω ≫ ω = k 2 /2m justifying the absence of quantum diffraction phenomenon effects [39].…”

Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 98%

Nonlinear coupling of electromagnetic and electron acoustic waves in multi-species degenerate astrophysical plasma

2020

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Nonlinear wave-coupling is studied in a multi-species degenerate astrophysical plasma consisting of two electron species (at different temperatures): a highly degenerate main component plus a smaller classical relativistic flow immersed in a static neutralizing ion background. It is shown that the high frequency electromagnetic (HF EM) waves, through their strong nonlinear interactions with the electron-acoustic waves (sustained by a multi-electron component (degenerate) plasma surrounding a compact astrophysical object) can scatter to lower frequencies so that the radiation observed faraway will be spectrally shifted downwards. It is also shown that, under definite conditions, the EM waves could settle into stationary Solitonic states. It is expected that the effects of such structures may persist as detectable signatures in forms of modulated micro-pulses in the radiation observed far away from the accreting compact object. Both these effects will advance our abilities to interpret the radiation coming out of the compact objects.

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Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 98%

Nonlinear coupling of electromagnetic and electron acoustic waves in multi-species degenerate astrophysical plasma

2020

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“…The effective mass factor, then, is simply determined by the plasma rest frame density, G d = [1 + (n d /n c ) 2/3 ] 1/2 for arbitrary n d /n c . For relativistically hot plasma an expression for effective mass factor G h can be found in (Berezhiani & Mahajan 1994Ryu et al 2006).…”

Section: Model Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the relaxed states in the mixture of degenerate and non-degenerate hot plasmas of astrophysical objects

Shatashvili

Mahajan

Berezhiani

2019

Astrophys Space Sci

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It is shown that a small contamination of a relativistically hot electron component can induce a new scale (for structure formation) to a system consisting of an ion-degenerate electron plasma. Mathematically expression of this additional scale length is the increase in the index of quasi-equilibrium Beltrami-Bernoulli states that have been invoked to model several astrophysical systems of interest. The two species of electrons, due to different origin of their relativistic effective masses, behave as two distinct components (each with its own conserved helicity) and add to the richness of the accessible quasi equilibrium states. Determined by the concrete parameters of the system, the new macro-scale lengths (much larger than the short intrinsic scale lengths (skin depths) and generally much shorter than the system size) open new pathways for energy transformations.

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“…The relative strengths of the LC anchoring energies were observed and evaluated using the Williams domain pattern in the electroconvection of the NLCs. [34][35][36] When the LC anchoring strengths of the top and bottom surfaces are the same, the midplane LC director in a 90°TNLC cell is always 45°. However, in asymmetric anchoring boundaries that have different anchoring strengths at the top and bottom surfaces, the LC directors are biased toward the direction of the stronger anchoring boundary, deviating from 45°.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrahigh Polarization of Emitted Light by Quenched Emissive Material

Choi,

Swain,

Jhun

et al. 2024

Advanced Optical Materials

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The emission of highly polarized light by organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) is crucial for various applications; however, achieving such emission requires the use of polarizers, which reduce the device efficiency and durability. In this study, ultrahigh‐polarized light with a polarization ratio (PR) of 407:1 is achieved via the rapid thermal quenching (RTQ) of OLEDs. Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) films, molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanosheets, and tungsten disulfide (WS2) nanosheets are applied as hole transport layers and surface‐alignment layers through surface treatment, including rubbing and/or ion‐beam exposure to align the molecules of the emissive materials, namely, {poly(9,9‐dioctylfluorene‐alt‐benzothiadiazole) (F8BT). Quenching is performed at 240 °C, at which F8BT has a nematic liquid crystal (NLC) phase with high molecular ordering. Upon quenching, the high molecular ordering of the NLC‐phased emissive layer instantaneously froze via RTQ, leading to the emission of highly polarized light. Consequently, the PEDOT:PSS‐, MoS2‐, and WS2‐based OLEDs exhibit ultrahigh PRs of 407:1, 349:1, and 328:1, respectively, for photoluminescence at a 540 nm peak wavelength. In contrast, for electroluminescence, the PEDOT:PSS‐based OLED exhibits a high PR of 395:1. This result is the best reported to date and is comparable to the PRs generated by polarizers, indicating that quenching can be utilized for the development of ultrahigh‐polarized light‐emitting devices.

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Anchoring energy of nematic liquid crystals on zinc oxide film

Cited by 5 publications

References 51 publications

Nonlinear coupling of electromagnetic and electron acoustic waves in multi-species degenerate astrophysical plasma

Nonlinear coupling of electromagnetic and electron acoustic waves in multi-species degenerate astrophysical plasma

On the relaxed states in the mixture of degenerate and non-degenerate hot plasmas of astrophysical objects

Ultrahigh Polarization of Emitted Light by Quenched Emissive Material

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