Ancient wheats role in sustainable wheat cultivation

Guzmán, Carlos; Álvarez, José Ramón Guzmán

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-821048-2.00002-7

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 227 publications

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“…Anna Maria), the latter has a better TW but its TKW was lower. This reinforces the idea that variation in the traditional spelt is high and could be interesting for breeding programs aiming to develop new cultivars with very high grain size [53,54]. In parallel, the spelt genotypes with high grain size showed high protein content (indeed, a significant correlation between TKW and protein content was found) and a soft texture, which positively affected flour yield.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Processing and Bread-Making Quality Profile of Spanish Spelt Wheat

Huertas-García

Guzmán

Ibba

et al. 2023

Foods

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Spelt wheat (Triticum aestivum L. ssp. spelta Thell.) is an ancient wheat that has been widely cultivated for hundreds of years. Recently, this species has been neglected in most of Europe; however, the desire for more natural and traditional foods has driven a revival of the crop. In the current study, eighty-eight traditional spelt genotypes from Spain, together with nine common wheat cultivars and one modern spelt (cv. Anna Maria) were grown during a period of two years in Andalucia (southern Spain). In each, several traits were measured in to evaluate their milling, processing, and end-use quality (bread-making). The comparison between species suggested that, in general, spelt and common wheat showed differences for most of the measured traits; on average, spelt genotypes had softer grains, higher protein content (14.3 vs. 11.9%) and gluten extensibility (alveograph P/L 0.5 vs. 1.8), and lower gluten strength (alveograph W 187 vs. 438 × 10−4 J). In the baking test, both species showed similar values. Nevertheless, the analysis of this set of spelt genotypes showed a wide range for all measured traits, with higher values than common wheat in some spelt genotypes for some traits. This opens up the possibility of using these materials in future breeding programs, to develop either new spelt or common wheat cultivars.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Processing and Bread-Making Quality Profile of Spanish Spelt Wheat

Huertas-García

Guzmán

Ibba

et al. 2023

Foods

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“…Einkorn (Triticum monococcum, L.) is an ancient wheat species which possesses superior nutritional value and better technological characteristics of the grain compared to extensively grown modern wheat varieties [1,3,4]. Despite their lower seed productivity, ancient wheats have survived in adverse environmental conditions for many years and are presumably more resistant to stress factors compared to cultivated wheat, offering possibilities for their implementation in organic farming [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exogenous Cytokinin 4PU-30 Modulates the Response of Wheat and Einkorn Seedlings to Ultraviolet B Radiation

Kirova,

Moskova,

Manova

et al. 2024

Plants

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Abiotic stress is responsible for a significant reduction in crop plant productivity worldwide. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a natural component of sunlight and a permanent environmental stimulus. This study investigated the distinct responses of young wheat and einkorn plants to excessive UV-B radiation (180 min at λmax 312 nm) following foliar pretreatment with 1 µM synthetic cytokinin 4PU-30. Results demonstrated that UV radiation significantly amplified hydrogen peroxide levels in both wheat and einkorn, with einkorn exhibiting a more pronounced increase compared to wheat. This elevation indicated the induction of oxidative stress by UV radiation in the two genotypes. Intensified antioxidant enzyme activities and the increased accumulation of typical stress markers and non-enzyme protectants were evidenced. Transcriptional activity of genes encoding the key antioxidant enzymes POX, GST, CAT, and SOD was also investigated to shed some light on their genetic regulation in both wheat and einkorn seedlings. Our results suggested a role for POX1 and POX7 genes in the UV-B tolerance of the two wheat species as well as a cytokinin-stimulated UV-B stress response in einkorn involving the upregulation of the tau subfamily gene GSTU6. Based on all our findings, it could be concluded that 4PU-30 had the potential of alleviating oxidative stress by attenuating the symptoms of superfluous UV-B illumination in the two examined plant species.

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“…The compelling argument in favor of ancient wheats is their environmentally friendly production-in fact, growth with few agronomic practices, environmental sustainability, and possible use in marginal lands or under organic growing conditions-thus, they can be produced in a more sustainable way with few external inputs [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Replacing Maize Grain with Ancient Wheat Lines By-Products in Organic Laying Hens’ Diet Affects Intestinal Morphology and Enzymatic Activity

et al. 2021

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The effects of replacement of maize grain with ancient wheat by-products on intestinal morphometry and enzymatic activity in laying hens was studied. Eighty hens were divided into two groups (40 each, 8 replicates, 5 hens/replicate) fed two isoproteic and isoenergetic diets. In the treated group, part of the maize was replaced by a mix of ancient grains (AGs) middling, in a 50:50 ratio of Triticum aestivum L. var. spelta (spelt) and Triticum durum dicoccum L. (emmer wheat). The AG diet affected the weight of all the large intestine tracts, decreasing the weight of caeca (p < 0.01) and increasing those of colon (p < 0.01), rectum and cloaca (p < 0.05). Villus height in the AG group was higher (p < 0.01) than the control for the duodenum and jejunum, while for the ileum, the control group showed the highest values (p < 0.01). The submucosa thickness was higher (p < 0.01) in the control group for the duodenum and ileum, while the jejunum for the AG group showed the highest (p < 0.05) submucosa thickness. The crypts depth was higher (p < 0.01) in the control group for the duodenum and ileum. Enzyme activity was enhanced by AGs (p < 0.01) in the duodenum. Regarding the jejunum, sucrase-isomaltase and alkaline phosphatase had higher activity (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively) in the AG group. In the ileum, sucrase-isomaltase showed higher activity (p < 0.01) in the control group, while alkaline phosphatase showed the highest values (p < 0.05) in the AG group. Overall, results suggested that the dietary inclusion of AGs exerted positive effects in hens, showing an improved intestinal function.

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Ancient wheats role in sustainable wheat cultivation

Cited by 6 publications

References 227 publications

Processing and Bread-Making Quality Profile of Spanish Spelt Wheat

Processing and Bread-Making Quality Profile of Spanish Spelt Wheat

Exogenous Cytokinin 4PU-30 Modulates the Response of Wheat and Einkorn Seedlings to Ultraviolet B Radiation

Replacing Maize Grain with Ancient Wheat Lines By-Products in Organic Laying Hens’ Diet Affects Intestinal Morphology and Enzymatic Activity

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