Anemia in HIV Infection: Clinical Impact and Evidence-Based Management Strategies

Abstract

Anemia in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients can have serious implications, which vary from functional and quality-of-life decrements to an association with disease progression and decreased survival. In 2002, 16 members of the Anemia in HIV Working Group, an expert panel of physicians involved in the care of HIV-infected patients that met first in 1998, reconvened to assess new data and to translate these data into evidence-based treatment guidelines. The group reached consensus on the prevalence of anemia in the highly active antiretroviral therapy era; the risk factors that are independently associated with the development of anemia; the impact of anemia on quality of life, physical functioning, and survival; the impact of the treatment of hepatitis C virus coinfection on anemia in HIV-infected patients; evidence-based guidelines for treatment of anemia in HIV-infected patients, including the therapeutic role of epoetin alfa; and directions for future research.

Anemia E Perfil De Lipídeos Em Gestantes Vivendo Com O Vírus Da Imunodeficiência Humana

“…Em outro estudo, o uso de zidovudina não foi considerado um fator agravante da anemia nas grávidas em uso deste antirretroviral, no entanto a prevalência de anemia foi maior entre as gestantes que vivem com HIV que naquelas gestantes não infectadas (SINHA et al, 2007). A zidovudina é considerada associada à toxicidade hematológica, principalmente a mielossupressão ( VOLBERDING et al, 2004). Desse modo, há estudos que apontam maior propensão de gestantes em uso de antirretrovirais apresentarem anemia (HERMAN;EASTERBROOK, 2001;TUOMALA et al, 2005).…”

“…Porém, visto que a hemodiluição é mais importante até a 18ª-20ª semana gestacional (SOMA-PILLAY et al, 2016) a fisiopatologia da infecção pelo HIV deve ser levada em consideração ( VOLBERDING et al, 2004).…”

Risk of zidovudine-induced anemia on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection patients with different CD 4 cell counts

“…Anemia affects 18% of patients with asymptomatic HIV-seropositive, 50% of those with middle-stage HIV disease and 75% of those with late-stage HIV disease. 1,2 An obvious cause of anemia in patients with HIV infection is blood loss. Other than blood loss, the pathophysiology of HIV associated anemia may involve decreased red blood cell (RBC) production, increased RBC destruction and ineffective RBC production.…”

“…Other than blood loss, the pathophysiology of HIV associated anemia may involve decreased red blood cell (RBC) production, increased RBC destruction and ineffective RBC production. 1,3 Factors associated with anemia in HIV patients include HIV infection itself, HIV-related opportunities infections or as a consequence of drug used for HIV infection and associated condition. 4,5 Several drugs that commonly cause anemia in HIV patients have been reported.…”

“…4,5 Several drugs that commonly cause anemia in HIV patients have been reported. 1,4,5 Among these drugs, zidovudine (AZT) is probably the most common cause of anemia in HIV patients. Zidovudine, a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI), is one of earliest antiretroviral drugs used as a combination in some of the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) regimens to treat of HIV/AIDS.…”