Anger superiority effect for change detection and change blindness

Lyyra, Pessi; Hietanen, Jari K.; Astikainen, Piia

doi:10.1016/j.concog.2014.07.013

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 176 publications

(205 reference statements)

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“…A threat bias has often been reported in TD individuals and has been related to evolutionary survival strategies (Hedger, Gray, Garner, & Adams, 2016;Lyyra, Hietanen, & Astikainen, 2014). The highest responses to anger and fear discrimination in the TD group do suggest a threat-detection advantage.…”

Section: Reduced Neural Sensitivity To Expressive Faces In Asd Is Emomentioning

confidence: 79%

“…The brain responses of the boys with ASD, however, do not point in that direction, despite reports of an anger-detection effect in ASD populations as well (May, Cornish, & Rinehart, 2016;Rosset et al, 2011). The threat-related content of the facial stimuli might selectively have boosted the oddball detection in the TD group only (Leung et al, 2019;Lyyra et al, 2014), resulting in the significant amplitude differences that allow a correct classification of 87% of the participants with ASD.…”

Section: Reduced Neural Sensitivity To Expressive Faces In Asd Is Emomentioning

confidence: 80%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Rapid neural categorization of angry and fearful faces is specifically impaired in boys with autism spectrum disorder

Donck

Dzhelyova²,

Vettori

et al. 2020

Child Psychology Psychiatry

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Background: Difficulties with facial expression processing may be associated with the characteristic social impairments in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Emotional face processing in ASD has been investigated in an abundance of behavioral and EEG studies, yielding, however, mixed and inconsistent results. Methods: We combined fast periodic visual stimulation (FPVS) with EEG to assess the neural sensitivity to implicitly detect briefly presented facial expressions among a stream of neutral faces, in 23 boys with ASD and 23 matched typically developing (TD) boys. Neutral faces with different identities were presented at 6 Hz, periodically interleaved with an expressive face (angry, fearful, happy, sad in separate sequences) every fifth image (i.e., 1.2 Hz oddball frequency). These distinguishable frequency tags for neutral and expressive stimuli allowed direct and objective quantification of the expression-categorization responses, needing only four sequences of 60 s of recording per condition. Results: Both groups show equal neural synchronization to the general face stimulation and similar neural responses to happy and sad faces. However, the ASD group displays significantly reduced responses to angry and fearful faces, compared to TD boys. At the individual subject level, these neural responses allow to predict membership of the ASD group with an accuracy of 87%. Whereas TD participants show a significantly lower sensitivity to sad faces than to the other expressions, ASD participants show an equally low sensitivity to all the expressions. Conclusions: Our results indicate an emotion-specific processing deficit, instead of a general emotionprocessing problem: Boys with ASD are less sensitive than TD boys to rapidly and implicitly detect angry and fearful faces. The implicit, fast, and straightforward nature of FPVS-EEG opens new perspectives for clinical diagnosis.

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Section: Reduced Neural Sensitivity To Expressive Faces In Asd Is Emomentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Reduced Neural Sensitivity To Expressive Faces In Asd Is Emomentioning

confidence: 80%

Rapid neural categorization of angry and fearful faces is specifically impaired in boys with autism spectrum disorder

Donck

Dzhelyova²,

Vettori

et al. 2020

Child Psychology Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In line with this, there is some behavioral evidence that changes involving the introduction of a threat-related stimulus into a visual scene are more likely to be detected ( Mayer et al. , 2006 ; Lyyra et al. , 2014 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Distinct frontal and amygdala correlates of change detection for facial identity and expression

Achaibou

Loth

Bishop

2015

Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci

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Recruitment of ‘top-down’ frontal attentional mechanisms is held to support detection of changes in task-relevant stimuli. Fluctuations in intrinsic frontal activity have been shown to impact task performance more generally. Meanwhile, the amygdala has been implicated in ‘bottom-up’ attentional capture by threat. Here, 22 adult human participants took part in a functional magnetic resonance change detection study aimed at investigating the correlates of successful (vs failed) detection of changes in facial identity vs expression. For identity changes, we expected prefrontal recruitment to differentiate ‘hit’ from ‘miss’ trials, in line with previous reports. Meanwhile, we postulated that a different mechanism would support detection of emotionally salient changes. Specifically, elevated amygdala activation was predicted to be associated with successful detection of threat-related changes in expression, over-riding the influence of fluctuations in top-down attention. Our findings revealed that fusiform activity tracked change detection across conditions. Ventrolateral prefrontal cortical activity was uniquely linked to detection of changes in identity not expression, and amygdala activity to detection of changes from neutral to fearful expressions. These results are consistent with distinct mechanisms supporting detection of changes in face identity vs expression, the former potentially reflecting top-down attention, the latter bottom-up attentional capture by stimulus emotional salience.

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“…improves performance on change blindness tasks that involve threatening stimuli, such as spiders (Mayer, Muris, Vogel, Nojoredjo & Merckelbach, 2006) and angry faces (Lyyra, Hietanen & Astikainen, 2014). Based on the aforementioned research linking conservatism to the activity of the amygdala, it would make sense to presume that the advantages of fear with regard to change blindness might translate into advantages for more conservative people.…”

Section: This Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another possible contributor to the somewhat inconclusive findings is the nature of the stimuli used. The change blindness studies linking fear to faster recognition of change (Mayer et al, 2006;Lyyra et al, 2014) both used evolutionarily important, fearinducing stimuli. In the current experiment, stimuli were relatively mundane and nonthreatening.…”

Section: Sampling and Stimuli Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality factors, ideology, and sensitivity to change

Delmonico¹,

Buchanan²

2018

Preprint

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This study examined the potential for a predictive relationship between political conservatism and change detection. Research on the visual system has revealed a general tendency to overlook changes in a stationary scene when two versions of it are displayed alternately with a masking slide, known as the flicker paradigm. We examined whether political conservatism and various related measures predicted whether and how quickly changes were detected during a flicker paradigm task. Measures of interest were conservatism as measured by the Social and Economic Conservatism scale (Everett, 2013), openness as measured by the short form of the Big Five Inventory (John, Donahue & Kentle, 1991), authoritarianism as measured by the Right-Wing Authoritarianism scale (Altemeyer, 2006), political party, and a single bipolar conservatism scale. Despite predictions that greater conservatism and authoritarianism would shorten response latencies, authoritarianism appeared to lengthen the time it took to identify a change, while social conservatism shortened it. Openness and other forms of conservatism did not demonstrate significant predictive relationships. Implications of this pattern are discussed.

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Anger superiority effect for change detection and change blindness

Cited by 18 publications

References 176 publications

Rapid neural categorization of angry and fearful faces is specifically impaired in boys with autism spectrum disorder

Rapid neural categorization of angry and fearful faces is specifically impaired in boys with autism spectrum disorder

Distinct frontal and amygdala correlates of change detection for facial identity and expression

Personality factors, ideology, and sensitivity to change

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