Anger, Sympathy, and Children’s Reactive and Proactive Aggression: Testing a Differential Correlate Hypothesis

Jambon, Marc; Colasante, Tyler; Peplak, Joanna; Malti, Tina

doi:10.1007/s10802-018-0498-3

Cited by 34 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Caregivers completed the Anger Regulation Coping and Dysregulated Expression subscales of the Children's Anger Management Scale (CAMS; Zeman, Shipman, & Suveg, ) on a 7‐point scale (0 = never ; 3 = about half of the time ; 6 = always ). This scale has been validated in a number of studies with school‐age children (e.g., McAuliffe, Hubbard, Rubin, Morrow, & Dearing, ; Zeman et al ., ) and a recent study that the present sample was part of demonstrated the same factor structure for 4‐ and 8‐year‐olds, supporting its validity for preschoolers (Jambon et al, ). In order to maintain model parsimony and simultaneously assess the full range of symptomology related to anger (dys)regulation, we computed a composite score spanning the Anger Regulation Coping (4 items; α = .83; e.g., ‘When feeling mad, he can control his temper’) and Dysregulated Expression subscales (three items; α = .74; e.g., ‘Does things like slam doors when s/he is mad’), reverse coding the latter.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 85%

“…The reactive subscale also had six items (α = .89), such as ‘if angered by others, hits, kicks, or punches them’. A recent large‐scale study that the present sample was part of tested the factor structure of this measure for 4‐ and 8‐year‐olds and demonstrated single factor solutions for each subscale (Jambon, Colasante, Peplak, & Malti, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 87%

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Taming anger and trusting others: Roles of skin conductance, anger regulation, and trust in children's aggression

Song

Colasante

Malti

2019

British J of Dev Psycho

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Proactive and reactive aggression subtypes are distinguishable as early as the preschool years. However, their early physiological and social–emotional correlates have not been examined simultaneously. We tested whether children's skin conductance level, anger regulation, and trust in others were differentially related to their proactive and reactive aggression. Four‐year‐olds and their primary caregivers were recruited from a large Canadian city (N = 150). Controlling for reactive aggression, higher trust was associated with lower proactive aggression, but only for children with low anger regulation or skin conductance level. Controlling for proactive aggression, lower anger regulation was related to higher reactive aggression, and higher trust was related to higher reactive aggression for children with high skin conductance level. Findings highlight the unique and collective relations of physiology, emotion regulation, and trust to different forms of aggression in early childhood. What is already known on this subject Proactive and reactive aggression subtypes are distinguishable as early as the preschool years. Unique physiological and social–emotional correlates of each subtype have been studied in middle and late childhood. Trust is a critical milestone for positive social interactions in early childhood and has been linked to aggression. What the present study adds Physiological and social–emotional correlates are uniquely linked to subtypes of aggression already at age 4. Trust is differentially linked to aggression subtypes as a function of anger regulation and skin conductance level.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Taming anger and trusting others: Roles of skin conductance, anger regulation, and trust in children's aggression

Song

Colasante

Malti

2019

British J of Dev Psycho

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“…However, this result is in line with previous psychological research targeting proactive aggression. For instance, Jambon et al [85] found that anger reactivity, represented by self-reported anger elicited by social conflicts, related to higher levels of proactive aggression in male children of eight years, but this was not found for the female children. Although they didn't target trait anger, Bobadilla et al [86] established that proactive aggression reported by men also related to low reactivity to anxiety/punishment, which again was not found for females in a study using a student sample.…”

Section: Is Trait Driving Anger In Males Related To Correlates Of Reamentioning

confidence: 99%

Relating Reactive and Proactive Aggression to Trait Driving Anger in Young and Adult Males: A Pilot Study Using Explicit and Implicit Measures

et al. 2021

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Driving anger and aggressive driving are main contributors to crashes, especially among young males. Trait driving anger is context-specific and unique from other forms of anger. It is necessary to understand the mechanisms of trait driving anger to develop targeted interventions. Although literature conceptually distinguished reactive and proactive aggression, this distinction is uncommon in driving research. Similar, cognitive biases related to driving anger, measured by a combination of explicit and implicit measures, received little attention. This pilot study related explicit and implicit measures associated with reactive and proactive aggression to trait driving anger, while considering age. The sample consisted of 42 male drivers. The implicit measures included a self-aggression association (i.e., Single-Target Implicit Association Test) and an attentional aggression bias (i.e., Emotional Stroop Task). Reactive aggression related positively with trait driving anger. Moreover, a self-aggression association negatively related to trait driving anger. Finally, an interaction effect for age suggested that only in young male drivers, higher proactive aggression related to lower trait driving anger. These preliminary results motivate further attention to the combination of explicit and implicit measures related to reactive and proactive aggression in trait driving anger research.

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“…We tested this proposition using data collected from a Canadian sample of 4-and 8-year-olds as part of an ongoing longitudinal investigation of social-emotional development in early and middle childhood (Jambon, Colasante, Peplak, & Malti, 2019). At the first time point (T1), children reported on their own dispositional sympathy and emotion regulation coping skills, and caregivers rated children's exposure to peer victimization and propensity toward experiencing intense negative emotional states.…”

Section: S Tudymentioning

confidence: 99%

Peer victimization and sympathy development in childhood: The moderating role of emotion regulation

et al. 2020

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Although peer victimization is widely considered to be detrimental to children's well-being, knowing what it feels like to be harmed is also thought to contribute to children's sense of concern for others. However, research has yet to establish a clear link between peer victimization and sympathy during childhood. Across two samples of Canadian 4-and 8-year-olds (total N = 504), we examined whether children's emotion regulation capacities (ER) moderated the victimization-sympathy link. Study 1 (n = 300; 33% European origin; 73% of caregivers held bachelor's degree or higher) examined the interactive effects of victimization and child-and caregiver-reported ER on children's self-reported sympathy assessed concurrently and 1 year later. Concurrently, victimization was positively associated with sympathy for children higher in self-reported ER and for boys higher in caregiver-reported ER. Longitudinally, victimization positively predicted changes in sympathy from 4 to 5 years of age for children higher in self-reported ER. No longitudinal interaction effects emerged for caregiver-reported ER or in older children. Using the same caregiver-reported ER measure, Study 2 (n = 204; 30% European origin; 65% of caregiv-

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Anger, Sympathy, and Children’s Reactive and Proactive Aggression: Testing a Differential Correlate Hypothesis

Cited by 34 publications

References 62 publications

Taming anger and trusting others: Roles of skin conductance, anger regulation, and trust in children's aggression

Taming anger and trusting others: Roles of skin conductance, anger regulation, and trust in children's aggression

Relating Reactive and Proactive Aggression to Trait Driving Anger in Young and Adult Males: A Pilot Study Using Explicit and Implicit Measures

Peer victimization and sympathy development in childhood: The moderating role of emotion regulation

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