Angiopoietin-Like 8 in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Reduced Levels in Third Trimester Maternal Serum and Placenta, Increased Levels in Cord Blood Serum

Abstract

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) poses a significant health risk to pregnant women, and thus exploring the potential underlying mechanism is highly desirable. The aim of the study was to compare maternal serum, cord blood serum, and placental angiopoietin-like 8 (ANGPTL8) levels in the third trimester of pregnancy in women with and without gestational diabetes and explore the potential underlying mechanism. A total of 42 pregnant women (23 with GDM and 19 with normal glucose tolerance (NGT)) along with 29 age-matched non-pregnant healthy females were enrolled. All pregnant subjects were in the late third trimester. Maternal serum and cord blood serum ANGPTL8 levels were measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the protein levels of ANGPTL8 in placentas were assessed with western blotting. The associations between maternal serum and cord blood serum ANGPTL8 levels and metabolic parameters were investigated with the Spearman correlation analysis. Significantly lower levels of maternal serum and placental ANGPTL8 levels were observed in GDM patients compared to NGT pregnant women, while remarkably higher ANGPTL8 levels were present in the cord blood serum samples. The maternal serum ANGPTL8 level was positively correlated with BMI, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and AUC for OGTT and birthweight. Additionally, the cord blood serum ANGPTL8 level was positively correlated with insulin and the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance. Both maternal serum and cord blood serum ANGPTL8 levels seemed to correlate with GDM and has the potential to be used as a biomarker for GDM and birthweight prediction.

The ANGPTL8 Levels as An Important a Biochemical Markers for The Women with T2DM

“…The results are presented in table.1, for demographic data in controls and T2DM patients, showed a nonsignificant difference (p-value = 0.185 and 0.288) in age and BMI in patients compared with a control. In the current research, our data that values are given in Table 1, are agreement with other studies in T2DM group as compared with controls [1], [11], [15].…”

“…This variation could be related to differences in sample size, study design, medication status, race, ELISA kit use, and blood sample handling. All published data on ANGPTL8 levels and the T2DM found that patients have higher circulating level of ANGPTL8 [10], [11]. Our findings consistently showed in table.2, that serum level of ANGPTL8 in a female with T2DM patients were significantly higher than in controls.…”

“…A significant increase (p<0.0001) in table. ANGPTL8 levels in the blood has been studied in the T2DM patients in the past, however, the results have been mixed [11], [21], [24]. ANGPTL8 levels in a female with T2DM was found to be constant in some investigations, while they were shown to be elevated or lowered in others [25], [26].…”

“…ANGPTL8 levels in the blood were found to be significantly higher in patients than in control subjects [10]. Other studies have also found that ANGPTL8 levels are increased in patients with T2DM [2], [11]- [16]. Furthermore, in patients, several studies have found a link between blood glucose, (HOMA-IR), and ANGPTL8 [12], [17].…”

The predictive diagnosis for ANGPTL8 level in women with T2DM

“…HOMA2 calculator software was used to calculate beta-cell activity, Insulin resistance, QUICKI, and insulin sensitivity from fasting insulin and fasting blood glucose (FBG). Also, LDL, and VLDL from cholesterol, TG, and HDL were used to calculate in (60) patients, and (30) controls as previously reported [22].…”