Angular-dependent optical properties of low-e and solar control windows—

Roos, Arne; Polato, P.; Nijnatten, Peter A. van; Hutchins, Michael; Olive, F.; Anderson, Charles

doi:10.1016/s0038-092x(01)00019-6

Cited by 48 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…(1)- (4)) is based on the equations from Rosenfeld (1996), Roos et al (2000Roos et al ( , 2001, Kuhn (2006), and Kuhn et al (2011), validated by Platzer (2000), Rosenfeld et al (2000), Karlsson and Roos (2000), Roos et al (2000), and Karlsson et al (2001). Thus, it was possible to calculate, based on the values presented in Table 2 9.5% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0.5% 2% 3% 3% 3% 3% 2% 0.5% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 2% 3% 3% 3% 3% 2% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% As the determination of the sets of optical properties is a function of the orientation of the facade, it is necessary to create a file for each of the geographical orientations studied with EC (east, south and west), in a format recognized by the simulator (Frontini et al, 2009).…”

Section: Control Of the Electrochromic Glassmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of electrochromic windows impact in the energy performance of buildings in Mediterranean climates

et al. 2014

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Energy performance analysis of Electrochromic (EC) windows is carried out. EC glass and control strategies are modeled and implemented in ESP-r. EC windows are evaluated, on a test prototype, as an alternative to shading devices. Set-points and measured variables are used to control optical properties of EC glass. Within this context, the paper focuses on the energy savings that may occur when using electrochromic (EC) windows, an interesting emerging technology alternative to shading devices to control solar gain in buildings located in Mediterranean climates. The EC windows technology is briefly presented and the optical properties adjustments of the glasses are discussed according to the operated range. The EC window dynamic behavior and the different control strategies are modeled and implemented in the ESP-r building simulation program. The EC window impact in the energy needs for heating and cooling is studied, considering different ambient parameters (exterior dry bulb temperature, interior dry bulb temperature and incident radiation) and set points for the EC control. A comparison of several windows solutions (single, double-glazing and EC windows), the type of building, internal gains from occupancy, lighting and equipment and the orientation of windows are considered for discussion through the analysis of the energy needs for heating and cooling. It is concluded that for this climate the best positive results are obtained when the EC are used in the west façade. For the south façade the results show no significant advantages in using EC windows.

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Section: Control Of the Electrochromic Glassmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of electrochromic windows impact in the energy performance of buildings in Mediterranean climates

et al. 2014

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“…Previous works report the influence of the window composition, the applied coatings, and the solar angle on the characteristics of the light transmitted by windows such as the cutoff wavelength of the windows and their transmittance. In some studies, more specifically dedicated to the evaluation of indoor photochemistry, the ratio of light irradiance between indoors and outdoors has been obtained in different buildings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the spectral and spatial properties of natural light on indoor gas-phase chemistry: Experimental and modeling study

Blocquet

Guo

Mendez³

et al. 2018

Indoor Air

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The characteristics of indoor light (intensity, spectral, spatial distribution) originating from outdoors have been studied using experimental and modeling tools. They are influenced by many parameters such as building location, meteorological conditions, and the type of window. They have a direct impact on indoor air quality through a change in chemical processes by varying the photolysis rates of indoor pollutants. Transmittances of different windows have been measured and exhibit different wavelength cutoffs, thus influencing the potential of different species to be photolysed. The spectral distribution of light entering indoors through the windows was measured under different conditions and was found to be weakly dependent on the time of day for indirect cloudy, direct sunshine, partly cloudy conditions contrary to the light intensity, in agreement with calculations of the transmittance as a function of the zenithal angle and the calculated outdoor spectral distribution. The same conclusion can be drawn concerning the position within the room. The impact of these light characteristics on the indoor chemistry has been studied using the INCA-Indoor model by considering the variation in the photolysis rates of key indoor species. Depending on the conditions, photolysis processes can lead to a significant production of radicals and secondary species.

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“…Simple models are often available for T(λ, θ) and R(λ, θ) [27,28] for common multilayer thin film window coatings, including those using sub-10 nm thick Ag layers. The most efficient approach to this and to simple or extended computational coating design is to start with data or models for the underlying complex refractive indices of each layer and of the substrate.…”

Section: Nanomaterials In the Built Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanophotonics-enabled smart windows, buildings and wearables

Smith¹,

Gentle²,

Arnold³

et al. 2016

Nanophotonics

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Design and production of spectrally smart windows, walls, roofs and fabrics has a long history, which includes early examples of applied nanophotonics. Evolving nanoscience has a special role to play as it provides the means to improve the functionality of these everyday materials. Improvement in the quality of human experience in any location at any time of year is the goal. Energy savings, thermal and visual comfort indoors and outdoors, visual experience, air quality and better health are all made possible by materials, whose "smartness" is aimed at designed responses to environmental energy flows. The spectral and angle of incidence responses of these nanomaterials must thus take account of the spectral and directional aspects of solar energy and of atmospheric thermal radiation plus the visible and color sensitivity of the human eye. The structures required may use resonant absorption, multilayer stacks, optical anisotropy and scattering to achieve their functionality. These structures are, in turn, constructed out of particles, columns, ultrathin layers, voids, wires, pure and doped oxides, metals, polymers or transparent conductors (TCs). The need to cater for wavelengths stretching from 0.3 to 35 µm including ultraviolet-visible, near-infrared (IR) and thermal or Planck radiation, with a spectrally and directionally complex atmosphere, and both being dynamic, means that hierarchical and graded nanostructures often feature. Nature has evolved to deal with the same energy flows, so biomimicry is sometimes a useful guide.

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Angular-dependent optical properties of low-e and solar control windows—

Cited by 48 publications

References 9 publications

Evaluation of electrochromic windows impact in the energy performance of buildings in Mediterranean climates

Evaluation of electrochromic windows impact in the energy performance of buildings in Mediterranean climates

Impact of the spectral and spatial properties of natural light on indoor gas-phase chemistry: Experimental and modeling study

Nanophotonics-enabled smart windows, buildings and wearables

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