Animal alphacoronaviruses found in human patients with acute respiratory illness in different countries.

Vlasova, Anastasia N.; Toh, Teck-Hock; Lee, Jeffrey Soon-Yit; Poovorawan, Yong; Davis, Phillip; Azevedo, Marli; Lednicky, John A.; Saif, Linda J.; Gray, Gregory C.

doi:10.1080/22221751.2022.2040341

Cited by 28 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In contrast, only 33%, 48%, and 45% of the PTEs were matched for S, N, and M proteins respectively. Finally, other coronavirus data sets were assembled including 42 other coronaviruses known to infect people, and viruses related to these but sampled in non-human hosts (the beta coronaviruses, MERS, OC43, and HKU1, alphacoronaviruses, NL63, and 229E 24 , plus additional coronaviruses that have recently been associated with human infections 25,26 . These viruses are so distant from sarbecoviruses that reliable alignments for phylogenetic Fig.…”

Section: Development Of Rhad52covconsv Vaccinementioning

confidence: 99%

Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a rhesus adenoviral vaccine targeting conserved COVID-19 replication transcription complex

et al. 2022

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The COVID-19 pandemic marks the third coronavirus pandemic this century (SARS-CoV-1, MERS, SARS-CoV-2), emphasizing the need to identify and evaluate conserved immunogens for a pan-sarbecovirus vaccine. Here we investigate the potential utility of a T-cell vaccine strategy targeting conserved regions of the sarbecovirus proteome. We identified the most conserved regions of the sarbecovirus proteome as portions of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and Helicase proteins, both of which are part of the coronavirus replication transcription complex (RTC). Fitness constraints suggest that as SARS-CoV-2 continues to evolve these regions may better preserve cross-reactive potential of T-cell responses than Spike, Nucleocapsid, or Membrane proteins. We sought to determine if vaccine-elicited T-cell responses to the highly conserved regions of the RTC would reduce viral loads following challenge with SARS-CoV-2 in mice using a rhesus adenovirus serotype 52 (RhAd52) vector. The RhAd52.CoV.Consv vaccine generated robust cellular immunity in mice and led to significant reductions in viral loads in the nasal turbinates following challenge with a mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2. These data suggest the potential utility of T-cell targeting of conserved regions for a pan-sarbecovirus vaccine.

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Section: Development Of Rhad52covconsv Vaccinementioning

confidence: 99%

Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a rhesus adenoviral vaccine targeting conserved COVID-19 replication transcription complex

et al. 2022

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“…Besides the profound acute severe respiratory syndrome, SCoV2 infection in humans causes gastrointestinal (GI) manifestations (diarrhea, vomiting, nausea, abdominal pain), including longer fecal shedding than those detected in the nasopharyngeal samples [9,65,66]. Both FCoV and CCoV also cause GI tract disease in their respective animal hosts and clinically affect kittens and puppies more than adults, with the exception of FIPV disease [6,23,67].…”

Section: Differential Reactivity To Thementioning

confidence: 99%

“…FCoV2 RBD sequence alignment comparison of CCoV serotype 2 (CCoV2) and FCoV2 RBDs shows 95.6% aa sequence similarity and 87.7% aa sequence identity (S8 Fig) . The high sequence similarity between FCoV2 and CCoV2 RBDs may explain why CCoV2 can infect fAPN expressing feline cells [27]. Although FCoV1 and CCoV1 RBDs possess only aa sequence identity of 55.5%, their sequence similarity of 80.8% is remarkably high (S9 Fig) , suggesting that they have a common lineage with evolutionary changes and perhaps also by sectional recombination [9,29,67].…”

Section: Differential Reactivity To Thementioning

confidence: 99%

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Feline Coronavirus Infection of Domestic Cats Causes Development of Cross-Reactive Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Binding Domain

Yamamoto

Edison

Rowe-Haas

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The current study was initiated when our specific pathogen-free laboratory toms developed unexpectedly high levels of cross-reactive antibodies to human SARS-CoV-2 (SCoV2) receptor binding domain (RBD) upon mating with feline coronavirus (FCoV)-positive queens. Multi-sequence alignment analyses of SCoV2 Wuhan RBD and four strains each from FCoV serotypes 1 and 2 (FCoV1, FCoV2) demonstrated amino acid sequence identity of 11.5% and similarity of 31.8% with FCoV1 RBD, as well as 12.2% identity and 36.5% similarity for FCoV2 RBD. The sera from all three toms and three mated queens cross-reacted with SCoV2 RBD and reacted with FCoV1 RBD and FCoV2 spike-2, nucleocapsid, and membrane proteins of FCoV2 whole-virus, but not with FCoV2 RBD. Additionally, the plasma from all six FCoV2-inoculated laboratory cats reacted with FCoV2 and SCoV2 RBDs, but not with FCoV1 RBD. In another study, eight group-housed laboratory cats from a different lineage had a range of serum cross-reactivity to SCoV2 RBD even 15 months later. Such cross-reactivity was also observed in FCoV1-positive group-housed pet cats. The SCoV2 RBD at a high non-toxic dose and FCoV2 RBD at a 60-400-fold lower dose blocked the in vitro FCoV2 infection of the feline cells, demonstrating their close structural conformations essential as vaccine immunogens. Furthermore, such cross-reactivity to SCoV2 RBD was also detected by the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of both transient and chronically FCoV1-infected cats. Overall, the cross-reactivity with SCoV2 RBD by the sera from both serotypes of FCoV-infected cats also suggests that the cross-reactive epitope(s) on FCoV1 and FCoV2 RBDs may be similar to those of SCoV2 RBD and provides essential insights to developing a pan-CoV vaccine.

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“…For example, double homologous recombination of type I FCoV and CCoV gave rise to the emergence of type II FCoV [16]. Notably, recent evidence reported that canine-feline-porcine-like Alpha CoVs have been detected in humans in diferent countries and can be connected with human respiratory illness [17,18]. Abovementioned existing data once again highlight the potential threat of zoonotic CoVs on public health and the importance to conduct surveillance for them.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and Molecular Characterizations of Coronavirus from Companion Animals Living in Chengdu, Southwest China

Zhang

You

Zou

et al. 2023

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases

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The recent COVID-19 pandemic has once again caught the attention of people on the probable zoonotic transmission from animals to humans, but the role of companion animals in the coronavirus (CoV) epidemiology still remains unknown. The present study was aimed to investigate epidemiology and molecular characterizations of CoVs from companion animals in Chengdu city, Southwest China. 523 clinical samples from 393 animals were collected from one veterinary hospital between 2020 and 2021, and the presence of CoVs was detected by end-point PCR using pan-CoV assay targeting the RdRp gene. Partial and complete S genes were sequenced for further genotyping and genetic diversity analysis. A total of 162 (31.0%, 162/523) samples and 146 (37.2%, 146/393) animals were tested positive for CoVs. The positive rate in rectal swabs was higher than that in eye/nose/mouth swabs and ascitic fluid but was not statistically different between clinically healthy and diseased ones. Genotyping identified twenty-two feline enteric coronavirus (FCoV) I, four canine enteric coronavirus (CECoV) I, fourteen CECoV IIa, and one CECoV IIb, respectively. Eight complete S genes, including one canine respiratory coronavirus (CRCoV) strain, were successfully obtained. FCoV strains (F21071412 and F21061627) were more closely related to CECoV strains than CRCoV, and C21041821-2 showed potential recombination event. In addition, furin cleavage site between S1 and S2 was identified in two strains. The study supplemented epidemiological information and natural gene pool of CoVs from companion animals. Further understanding of other functional units of CoVs is needed, so as to contribute to the prevention and control of emerging infectious diseases.

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Animal alphacoronaviruses found in human patients with acute respiratory illness in different countries.

Cited by 28 publications

References 10 publications

Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a rhesus adenoviral vaccine targeting conserved COVID-19 replication transcription complex

Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a rhesus adenoviral vaccine targeting conserved COVID-19 replication transcription complex

Feline Coronavirus Infection of Domestic Cats Causes Development of Cross-Reactive Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Binding Domain

Epidemiology and Molecular Characterizations of Coronavirus from Companion Animals Living in Chengdu, Southwest China

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