Animal Models in Biomedical Research

Maurer, Kirk J.; Quimby, Fred W.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-409527-4.00034-1

Cited by 18 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 316 publications

(265 reference statements)

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“…Animal-based research has been accepted as the 'gold standard' approach for preclinical biomedical research and testing since the second half of the 20th century. 10 Within this approach, non-human primate (NHP) research has been considered particularly relevant, due to the similarity between humans and NHPs. However, this similarity has led to NHPs being afforded various degrees of legal protection in different regions of the world.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relevance of In Silico, In Vitro and Non-human Primate Based Approaches to Clinical Research on Major Depressive Disorder

et al. 2019

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Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the most severe form of depression and the leading cause of disability worldwide. When considering research approaches aimed at understanding MDD, it is important that their effectiveness is evaluated. Here, we assessed the effectiveness of original studies on MDD by rating their contributions to subsequent medical papers on the subject, and we compared the respective contribution of findings from non-human primate (NHP) studies and from human-based in vitro or in silico research approaches. For each publication, we conducted a quantitative citation analysis and a systematic qualitative analysis of the citations. In the majority of cases, human-based research approaches (both in silico and in vitro) received more citations in subsequent human research papers than did NHP studies. In addition, the human-based approaches were considered to be more relevant to the hypotheses and/or to the methods featured in the citing papers. The results of this study suggest that studies based on in silico and in vitro approaches are taken into account by medical researchers more often than are NHP-based approaches. In addition, these human-based approaches are usually cheaper and less ethically contentious than NHP studies. Therefore, we suggest that the traditional animal-based approach for testing medical hypotheses should be revised, and more opportunities created for further developing human-relevant innovative techniques.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relevance of In Silico, In Vitro and Non-human Primate Based Approaches to Clinical Research on Major Depressive Disorder

et al. 2019

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“…Kondisi ini akan mengubah status fisiologis hewan yang semula normal, namun saat disuntikkan gen tertentu ke dalam gen hewan penerima selanjutnya akan mengekspresikan kualitas yang diinginkan selama pertumbuhan dan perkembangan gen hewan penerima sehingga memiliki efek pathogen mirip dengan kondisi pada manusia (Shankar;2014 dan Mukherjee ;2022). Sementara Model eksperimental (non genetik) lebih sering digunakan karena biaya lebih murah, ketersediaan hewan lebih banyak, metode induksi dan pemeliharaan lebih mudah (Maurer & Quimby ;2015). Model eksperimental adalah hewan yang dalam keadaan normal tidak mengalami thalasemia, namun saat diberi induksi dengan perlakuan tertentu hewan mengalami thalasemia.…”

Section: Monitoring Darah Toksikunclassified

Metode Uji Farmakodinamik Sebagai Salah Satu Pembuktian Khasiat Obat Bahan Alam Sebagai Alternatif Pilihan Terapi Thalasemia

NURFITRI¹,

VENITA²

2023

healthy

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Pharmacodynamic test is scientific proof of product efficacy in test animals. This method is further described in an experimental animal model that functions to replace the human subject being modeled. The selection of experimental animal models plays an important role in understanding the efficacy of natural medicine as an alternative to thalassemia therapy and is then used as a basis for carrying out clinical trials. Research on thalassemia continues to be carried out in an effort to find alternative solutions for handling thalassemia cases, appropriate treatment strategies and to help ease the burden on the state of BPJS. Natural medicines are expected to act as adjuvants or replace expensive standard thalassemia drugs. Research to find treatment strategies must start from a series of pharmacodynamic tests, so that animal models are needed that are suitable for conditions or diseases that exist in humans to get a pattern similar to humans. Literature research is an activity that includes searching, reading and studying library materials that contain theories relevant to the research to be carried out. This research will discuss various types of experimental animal models commonly used in thalassemia research. It is hoped that from this literature study the appropriate pharmacodynamic test method will be obtained to prove the efficacy of natural medicine as an alternative to thalassemia therapy. ABSTRAKUji farmakodinamik merupakan pembuktian khasiat produk pada hewan uji secara ilmiah. Metode ini selanjutnya digambarkan dalam model hewan coba yang berfungsi menggantikan subjek manusia yang dimodelkan. Pemilihan model hewan coba berperan penting untuk memahami khasiat obat bahan alam sebagai alternatif pilihan terapi thalassemia dan selanjutnya digunakan sebagai dasar pelaksanaan uji klinik. Penelitian mengenai thalasemia terus dilakukan sebagai upaya mencarikan solusi alternatif penanganan kasus thalasemia, strategi pengobatan yang tepat dan membantu meringankan beban negara BPJS. Obat bahan alam diharapkan dapat berperan sebagai adjuvant ataupun menggantikan obat standar thalasemia yang mahal. Penelitian untuk menemukan stategi pengobatan harus dimulai dari serangkaian uji farmakodinamik, sehingga diperlukan model hewan yang sesuai dengan keadaan atau penyakit yang ada pada manusia untuk mendapatkan gambaran pola yang mirip dengan manusia. Penelitian pustaka adalah kegiatan yang meliputi mencari, membaca dan menelaah bahan Pustaka yang memuat teori-teori yang relevan dengan penelitian yang akan dilakukan. Penelitian ini akan membahas mengenai berbagai jenis model hewan coba yang biasa digunakan pada penelitian Thalasemia. Harapan dari studi literatur ini diperoleh metode uji farmakodinamik yang tepat untuk pembuktian khasiat obat bahan alam sebagai alternatif pilihan terapi thalasemia.

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“…El conocimiento de la fisiología de estos animales permite el estudio de diversas patologías aportando importante información para la prevención, diagnóstico o tratamiento de enfermedades (8,10) . En este contexto, los parámetros hematológicos, bioquímicos y fisiológicos de estos animales son importantes para los investigadores, ya que se utilizan para evaluar información vital sobre la respuesta del cuerpo a diferentes enfermedades y tratamientos.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Determinación de parámetros bioquímicos de animales del Bioterio de la Facultad de Ciencias Químicas de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción

Arrúa

Centurión

Moreno³

et al. 2023

Rev. Soc. cient. Parag.

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Animales de laboratorio criados en diferentes Bioterios muestran variaciones en sus características fisiológicas debido a la dieta, manejo, estado de salud, edad, vías de toma de muestras y otros factores. Por ello la importancia de determinar el perfil bioquímico de ratones y ratas convencionales del Bioterio de la Facultad de Ciencias Químicas de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción (FCQ-UNA). En el estudio experimental se utilizaron 60 ratones Swiss y 60 ratas Wistar, machos y hembras, de 11 semanas de edad. Se determinaron distintos parámetros bioquímicos como los perfiles renal, hepático, lipídico y proteico, electrolitos, glicemia y hemoglobina glicosilada. Los animales no fueron expuestos a tratamientos químicos o farmacológicos que pudieran cambiar su estado fisiológico natural. El análisis comparativo de los resultados con los presentados en la literatura, demostraron claramente la existencia de variaciones intra-especie. Las diferencias más notorias se observaron en el perfil hepático; ya que, los niveles de transaminasas séricas de los animales presentaron valores por debajo de la establecida en la bibliografía consultada. Además, claramente se evidenció valores inferiores de glicemia en los animales del Bioterio de la FCQ-UNA comparados con Bioterios de la región. Este estudio estandarizó el perfil bioquímico de ratas y ratones convencionales del Bioterio de la Facultad de Ciencias Químicas de la UNA, ofreciendo una herramienta valiosa a los investigadores para el análisis de sus resultados experimentales.

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Animal Models in Biomedical Research

Cited by 18 publications

References 316 publications

The Relevance of In Silico, In Vitro and Non-human Primate Based Approaches to Clinical Research on Major Depressive Disorder

The Relevance of In Silico, In Vitro and Non-human Primate Based Approaches to Clinical Research on Major Depressive Disorder

Metode Uji Farmakodinamik Sebagai Salah Satu Pembuktian Khasiat Obat Bahan Alam Sebagai Alternatif Pilihan Terapi Thalasemia

Determinación de parámetros bioquímicos de animales del Bioterio de la Facultad de Ciencias Químicas de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción

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