Aniseikonia and Foveal Microstructure in Patients with Idiopathic Macular Hole

Okamoto, Fumiki; Sugiura, Yoshimi; Moriya, Yuki; Murakami, Tomoya; Okamoto, Yoshifumi; Hiraoka, Takahiro; Oshika, Tetsuro

doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2016.05.051

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Previous studies have found that eyes with MH tend to show micropsia because MH formation can occur when photoreceptors are stretched apart; however, after treatment, affected eyes were often symptom-free. [12,31] Similarly, most eyes with MH (76.2%) showed no aniseikonia at 6 months postoperatively in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…[3,4] Various vitreoretinal diseases cause metamorphopsia and aniseikonia; these diseases include epiretinal membrane (ERM), macular hole (MH), and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) is an effective treatment for these retinal diseases, and recent advances in PPV have led to improvements in anatomical success and postoperative visual acuity; however, metamorphopsia combined with aniseikonia often persists and causes considerable problems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gradual changes in metamorphopsia and aniseikonia, and their relationships with visual acuity after PPV, have been observed in eyes with ERM [10], MH [12], and RRD [11,13,14]; however, there have been no comparative reports of the characteristics of visual symptoms among these diseases. Because each disease affects retinal morphology in a different manner, a direct comparison would provide meaningful information regarding the relationship between visual function and morphological changes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative analysis of metamorphopsia and aniseikonia after vitrectomy for epiretinal membrane, macular hole, or rhegmatogenous retinal detachment

et al. 2020

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This study investigated postoperative changes in metamorphopsia and aniseikonia in eyes that underwent vitrectomy for epiretinal membrane (ERM), macular hole (MH), or rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). In total, 166 eyes were included from 166 patients with ERM, MH, or RRD who underwent primary vitrectomy. Metamorphopsia and aniseikonia were quantified by M-CHARTS and the New Aniseikonia Test (NAT). Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), M-CHARTS, NAT assessments, and OCT examination were performed at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively. Of the 166 eyes, 65 had ERM, 21 had MH, 42 had macula-off RRD, and 38 had macula-on RRD. BCVA improved significantly between 1 and 6 months postoperatively in eyes with ERM, MH, and macula-off RRD (P = 0.0057, P = 0.0065, and P = 0.0021, respectively). M-CHARTS scores at 1 month postoperatively significantly decreased in eyes with ERM (P = 0.0034) and tended to decrease in eyes with MH (P = 0.068). NAT scores did not change between baseline and 1 month postoperatively in eyes with ERM or MH. Between 1 and 6 months postoperatively, M-CHARTS and NAT scores significantly decreased in eyes with macula-off RRD (P = 0.0064 and P = 0.0009, respectively), but not in eyes with ERM, MH, or macula-on RRD. At 6 months postoperatively, significant metamorphopsia was evident in 33.3% of eyes with ERM, 29.2% of eyes with MH, and 35.7% of eyes with macula-off RRD; 61.5% of eyes with ERM showed macropsia and 52.3% of eyes with macula-off RRD showed micropsia. In eyes with ERM, more central retinal thickness (CRT) correlated with postoperative BCVA, and deep retinal folds on enface OCT image correlated with postoperative metamorphopsia. In eyes with maculaoff RRD, less CRT correlated with postoperative BCVA, and tended to correlate with postoperative micropsia. Macular morphologies could contribute to differences in postoperative visual acuity, metamorphopsia, and aniseikonia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative analysis of metamorphopsia and aniseikonia after vitrectomy for epiretinal membrane, macular hole, or rhegmatogenous retinal detachment

et al. 2020

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“…A previous report investigated the severity of aniseikonia using the New Aniseikonia Test (NAT) in patients with RD, and found that the absolute value of mean aniseikonia in all patients was 2.3% 6 months after RD surgery, with 45 of 106 patients (42%) having aniseikonia 7 . We followed the time course of aniseikonia changes in patients with epiretinal membranes (ERMs) 8 and macular holes (MHs) 9 and found that aniseikonia remained unchanged for up to 6 months after ERM surgery, and improved for up to 12 months after MH surgery. However, to the best of our knowledge, no study has investigated changes in aniseikonia after RD surgery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in aniseikonia and influencing-factors following successful macula-off retinal detachment surgery

Murakami

Okamoto

Sugiura

et al. 2019

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This study investigated the changes in the severity of aniseikonia after surgery for macula-off retinal detachment (RD), and the relationship between aniseikonia and retinal microstructures. The study included 26 eyes of 26 patients undergoing RD surgery. Visual acuity was measured preoperatively, and at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. Degree of aniseikonia and OCT images were obtained at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. The aniseikonia values (mean ± standard deviation) at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively were −5.3 ± 4.2%, −4.4 ± 4.4%, and −3.1 ± 3.2%, respectively. Significant improvement was observed from 3 to 12 months postoperatively ( P = 0.001). Twelve months postoperatively, 14 eyes had micropsia, 1 eye had macropsia, and 11 eyes were free of aniseikonia. Stepwise multiple regression analyses revealed that the severity of aniseikonia at 12 months postoperatively was significantly associated with postoperative development of cystoid macular edema (CME) and epiretinal membrane (ERM), as well as area of preoperative RD. In conclusion, although aniseikonia was gradually relieved after RD surgery during a 1-year follow-up period, approximately half of patients had aniseikonia and almost all of them had micropsia. Aniseikonia was associated with presence of postoperative CME, ERM, and area of preoperative RD.

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“…Internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling and fluid/air exchange were performed in all cases. For the next 1-3 days, the patients were instructed to maintain a face-down position 8 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Vision-related parameters that affect stereopsis in patients with macular hole

Okamoto

Morikawa

Moriya

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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This study evaluated stereopsis and other visual functions in patients with idiopathic macular hole (MH), and sought to identify vision-related parameters that affect stereopsis. In this prospective, consecutive, comparative study, 39 eyes of 39 patients with unilateral idiopathic MH were included. At baseline and at 6 months after MH surgery, we evaluated stereopsis, with the Titmus stereo test (TST) and TNO stereotest (TNO), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), letter contrast sensitivity, severity of metamorphopsia, as assessed using M-CHARTS, and extent of aniseikonia, by the new aniseikonia test. Preoperative stereopsis (log) in patients with MH were 2.72 ± 0.53 (range 1.9-4.1) in the TST and 2.82 ± 0.65 (range 1.8-3.9) in the TNO. Preoperative TST was significantly correlated with letter contrast sensitivity (p < 0.05), but not with the other visual functions. TNO showed significant correlation with letter contrast sensitivity (p < 0.05) and aniseikonia (p < 0.005). Preoperative TNO was associated with aniseikonia by multivariate analysis (p < 0.005). MH surgery significantly improved stereopsis, BCVA, letter contrast sensitivity, metamorphopsia, and aniseikonia. Postoperative TST and TNO was significantly associated with BCVA by multivariate analysis. Deterioration of stereopsis in MH patients is associated with contrast sensitivity and the degree of aniseikonia. Macular hole (MH) causes not only blurred vision, but also various other visual impairments, such as metamorphopsia 1-7 , aniseikonia 8,9 , and stereopsis 10-12. Visual acuity improves in many patients after successful MH surgery 13,14 , whereas some patients still complain of disturbances in visual function after surgery. Stereopsis is the ability to perceive depth of field based on the disparity between the images formed by the two eyes-it is the most advanced visual function. Wheatstone invented the stereoscope and discovered that, if areas on the retina of both eyes that are separated horizontally were stimulated simultaneously, stereopsis could occur 15. Visual acuity is the most commonly considered vision-related parameter that affects stereopsis. Stereopsis worsens even when visual impairment is present in only one eye 16-20. In addition, some other factors are known to affect stereopsis, such as aniseikonia 21-23 , pupil size 23,24 , eye dominance 21,25 , and accommodation 20,26. Several studies have investigated stereopsis in retinal disorders, including MH 10-12 and epiretinal membrane (ERM) 12,27 , and after retinal detachment (RD) surgery 28 , all of which impaired stereopsis. However, the details of vision-related parameters that cause those disturbances of stereopsis in retinal disorders remain unknown. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate stereopsis and other visual function parameters, including visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, metamorphopsia, and aniseikonia in patients with unilateral MH, and to identify vision-related parameters that affect stereopsis. Methods We conducted this prospective, consecutive, comparati...

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Aniseikonia and Foveal Microstructure in Patients with Idiopathic Macular Hole

Cited by 13 publications

References 35 publications

Comparative analysis of metamorphopsia and aniseikonia after vitrectomy for epiretinal membrane, macular hole, or rhegmatogenous retinal detachment

Comparative analysis of metamorphopsia and aniseikonia after vitrectomy for epiretinal membrane, macular hole, or rhegmatogenous retinal detachment

Changes in aniseikonia and influencing-factors following successful macula-off retinal detachment surgery

Vision-related parameters that affect stereopsis in patients with macular hole

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