Anisotropy of the strength of Si studied by a laser-based contact-free method

Kozhushko, V. V.; Hess, Peter

doi:10.1103/physrevb.76.144105

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…7. The mean strengths measured were approximately 10% of the intrinsic strength of Si(1 1 1) [19], thus demonstrating the presence of defects causing stress concentrations. The textured solar cells failed at a slightly higher stress when the textured side was under compression rather than under tension.…”

Section: Bending and Tensile Strength Of Bare M-si Cellsmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Furthermore, the thickness of such cells being in the range 130-300 lm makes these compatible with classic carbon fiberreinforced plastic (CFRP) skins. However, despite the high intrinsic strength of silicon (3-7 GPa depending on crystallographic direction [18,19]), its brittleness, and thus the low strength of the cells, limits the load-carrying capacity of this structure. Also, due to their finite size, a stress transfer device between the cells is required to ensure stress continuity on the photovoltaic (PV) skin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultra-light asymmetric photovoltaic sandwich structures

Rion

Leterrier

Månson

et al. 2009

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

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a b s t r a c tThis work evaluated the possibility of using silicon solar cells as load-carrying elements in composite sandwich structures. Such an ultra-light multifunctional structure is a new concept enabling weight, and thus energy, to be saved in high-tech applications such as solar cars, solar planes or satellites. Composite sandwich structures with a weight of $800 g/m 2 were developed, based on one 140 lm thick skin made of 0/90°carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP), one skin made of 130 lm thick mono-crystalline silicon solar cells, thin stress transfer ribbons between the cells, and a 29 kg/m 3 honeycomb core. Particular attention was paid to investigating the strength of the solar cells under bending and tensile loads, and studying the influence of sandwich processing on their failure statistics. Two prototype multi-cell modules were produced to validate the concept. The asymmetric sandwich structure showed balanced mechanical strength; i.e. the solar cells, reinforcing ribbons, and 0/90°CFRP skin were each of comparable strength, thus confirming the potential of this concept for producing stiff and ultra-lightweight solar panels.

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Section: Bending and Tensile Strength Of Bare M-si Cellsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra-light asymmetric photovoltaic sandwich structures

Rion

Leterrier

Månson

et al. 2009

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…An absolute calibration of the experiments was achieved by means of nonlinear SAW pulses, which provide an estimate of the strain or acoustic Mach number generated at the surface. 13,14 An averaging procedure and external amplifier with 29 dB gain in the range of 0.4Ϫ150 MHz was employed to increase the S/N ratio and to extend the frequency range to Յ200 MHz. In fact, a dynamic range of ϳ40 dB was approached, limited by the value of the analog to digital converter with 8 bit vertical resolution.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This could be clearly demonstrated with nonlinear SAW pulses in recent laser-based fracture experiments aimed at measuring the mechanical strength of brittle materials. 13,14 The signal amplitude and calibration of the setup, carried out by nonlinear SAW pulses, allowed an estimate of the strain at the top surface of the glass plate. The local strain induced by Rayleigh waves approached ϳ10 −2 , corresponding to a stress of hundreds of megapascals.…”

Section: B Nonlinear Elastic Response Of the Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12 Nonlinear SAWs have been used to estimate the mechanical fracture strength of silicon. 13,14 As the size of silicon devices continues to decrease, e.g., in microelectromechanical systems, the mechanical stability and integrity are of importance for the production of semiconductor devices and sensors. Scattering and mode conversion of SAWs are routinely employed in NDE of surface-breaking cracks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Laser-induced focused ultrasound for nondestructive testing and evaluation

Kozhushko

Hess

2008

Journal of Applied Physics

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Focused ultrasound pulses generated by photoacoustic transformation at a metal surface immersed in water possess a pronounced compression phase on the nanosecond time scale. For 8 ns laser pump pulses, the spectrum of the initially generated ultrasonic pulse covered a frequency range between 0.1 and 150 MHz. A concave spherical geometry of the light-absorbing metal surface can be used to achieve focusing. In the present experiments a conical ultrasound beam was directed at a solid glass plate or silicon wafer, where the tilt of the normal of the metal mirror defined the efficiency of mode conversion at the water-solid interface. Depending on the configuration, focused bulk waves as well as Rayleigh and Lamb waves could be launched in the sample with this setup. The laser probe-beam-deflection method was employed for local detection of elastic disturbances at the sample surface. Due to the nonlinear elastic response of water and harmonics generation, frequencies >100 MHz were realized, despite a strong attenuation in this frequency range. Gradual increase of the laser power density from 5 to 14 MW/cm2 led to shock formation in the compressive pressure pulse in water and shortening of the Rayleigh pulse induced at the surface of the glass plate. The observed transient surface profiles were highly sensitive to nearby mechanical discontinuities such as a microcrack in glass or an edge discontinuity in silicon. Therefore, laser-induced focused ultrasound seems to be a very promising method of accomplishing diverse tasks of nondestructive evaluation.

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Cleavage of silicon by laser-based shock waves: Interpretation by nanoscopic length scales

Hess

Lomonosov

2014

Applied Surface Science

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Anisotropy of the strength of Si studied by a laser-based contact-free method

Cited by 16 publications

References 27 publications

Ultra-light asymmetric photovoltaic sandwich structures

Ultra-light asymmetric photovoltaic sandwich structures

Laser-induced focused ultrasound for nondestructive testing and evaluation

Cleavage of silicon by laser-based shock waves: Interpretation by nanoscopic length scales

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