Ankle systolic pressure measurements in arterial disease affecting the lower extremities

Oscillometric measurement of the ankle-brachial index

“…By convention, the ABI is the ratio of the highest systolic pressure at the ankle to the highest systolic pressure measured in the arms (3). A ratio of 0.9 or lower by Doppler ultrasound confirms 50% or greater stenosis in one or more major vessels with 95% sensitivity and 100% specificity (4,5). However, this relatively simple calculation is rarely performed in the office because of a lack of equipment, the time required to do the procedure and the technical difficulties involved in making the measurements.…”

Plasma insulin, plasminogen activator inhibitor, and ankle-brachial systolic blood pressure ratio in overweight hypertensive subjects

“…21 The normal values in obese and non-obese normotensive subjects were: in females aged for 30-40 years, 0.75 ± 0.02, and, in males aged for 30-40 years, 1.00 ± 0.02. 22 In subjects in the supine position, brachial and ankle systolic arterial pressures were measured after 15 min rest on the right and left sides, by using a 331 pressure cuff of appropriate diameter, a standard mercury sphygmomanometer, and a Doppler probe, according to the technique described by Yao et al 11 Brachial systolic pressure was recorded at the first appearance of an audible sound. Ankle systolic pressure was determined by a pressure cuff applied snugly above the malleolus.…”

“…A commonly used non-invasive test for peripheral arterial disease is the measurement of systolic blood 12 thus raising several methodological problems, [11][12][13][14][15] which involved: differences in geometry between the two ankle vessels; difference in pressures between the right and left legs; and the decrease in brachial arterial pressure over time which would result in the higher pressure occurring in the leg first measured. [11][12][13][14][15]25,26 For all these reasons, in the present study three measurements were performed on each artery of each limb after 15 min rest and the mean value was taken as the ankle systolic blood pressure.…”

“…[11][12][13][14][15] Below the value of 0.94, this ratio is considered to be a clear-cut indicator for arterial occlusion. More recently, the ABI ratio has been recognised to be per se an independent predictor of cardiac risk in subjects with systolic hypertension in the elderly.…”

The validity of ankle-brachial index for the differential diagnosis of peripheral arterial disease and lumbar spinal stenosis in patients with atypical claudication

“…ABI remains a gold standard for the diagnosis of lower-extremity PAD in an outpatient department setting, because it is simple, non-invasive, inexpensive, objective, reliable, and valid [12][13][14][15]. However, the usefulness of ABI measurement in case of atypical claudication has not been previously reported.…”