“…2) The results obtained from GWO and SB algorithms are compared with five other meta-heuristic algorithms used in the literature for software effort estimation. We selected five widely used nature-inspired algorithms (BAT [29,45], Cuckoo Optimization (CO) [35,53,54], Genetic Algorithm (GA) [22,30,33] and Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) [24,32], Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) [27,34,46]) for comparison. In this work, for comparison analysis nature-inspired meta-heuristics algorithms are selected based on inspiration from: (i) Natural biological system (GA, SB), (ii) Theory of evolution (PSO), (iii) Insects activities (ACO), (iv) Group behavior of animals, and birds (GWO, CO, BAT).To validate the performances of these seven algorithms, a set of nine benchmark functions having wide dimensions is applied.…”