Annealing behaviour of defects in helium implanted MgO

Schüt, H.; Veen, A. van; Labohm, F.; Fedorov, A. V.; Neeft, E.A.C.; Konings, R.J.M.

doi:10.1016/s0168-583x(98)00532-1

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…No cavities are observed for the light ions D, He and Li. However, in the case of D and He gas bubbles are formed in the implantation zone, which eventually convert into nanocavities when the gas is released from the bubbles: for D and He this transition from bubbles to nanocavities takes place at 950 and 1300 K respectively [2,3]. Lithium forms metallic Li precipitates without a cavity zone.…”

Section: Positron Beam Analysis and Electron Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, results have been reported of studies where precipitate formation has been tried in two steps. First, cavities are formed by light ion bombardment followed by annealing [2,3]. In a second step, the metal was introduced by bombardment with metal ions followed by Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B 191 (2002) 610-615 www.elsevier.com/locate/nimb annealing to diffuse the metal atoms to the preexisting cavities [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanocavity formation processes in MgO() by light ion (D, He, Li) and heavy ion (Kr, Cu, Au) implantation

Veen

Huis

Fedorov

et al. 2002

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:

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In studies on the controlled growth of metallic precipitates in MgO it is attempted to use nanometer size cavities as precursors for formation of metallic precipitates. In MgO nanocavities can easily be generated by light gas ion bombardment at room temperature with typically 30 keV ion energy to a dose of 10 16 cm À2 , followed by annealing to 1300 K. It has been shown earlier by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) that the cavities (thickness 2-3 nm and length/ width 5-10 nm) have a perfectly rectangular shape bounded by {1 0 0} faces. The majority of the gas has been released at this temperature and the cavities are stable until annealing at 1500 K. The depth location of the cavities and the implanted ions is monitored by positron beam analysis, neutron depth profiling, RBS/channeling and energy dispersive spectroscopy. The presence of metallic nanoprecipitates is detected by optical absorption measurements and by highresolution XTEM. Surprisingly, all the metallic implants induce, in addition to metallic precipitates in a band at the mean ion range, small rectangular and cubic nanocavities. These are most clearly observed at a depth shallower than the precipitate band. In the case of gold the cavities are produced in close proximity to the crystal surface. The results indicate that in MgO vacancy clustering dominates over Frenkel-pair recombination. Results of molecular dynamics calculations will be used to discuss the observed defect recovery and clustering processes in MgO.

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Section: Positron Beam Analysis and Electron Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanocavity formation processes in MgO() by light ion (D, He, Li) and heavy ion (Kr, Cu, Au) implantation

Veen

Huis

Fedorov

et al. 2002

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:

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“…Doped rock-salt oxides (for example MgO) have been studied extensively [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] for their applications in optical and magnetic sensors, switching devices and as dilute magnetic semiconductors [36][37][38]. Apart from various chemical routes available for creating defects in MgO [38][39][40][41], there have been instances where MgO is implanted with different ions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of Site Preference of Implanted Transition Metal Dopants in Rock-salt Oxides

Misra

Yadav

2019

Sci Rep

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Transition metals (TMs) implanted in oxides with rock-salt crystal structures (for example MgO and BaO) are assumed to substitute cations (Mg in case of MgO) from the lattice sites. We show that not all implanted TMs substitute cations but can be stable in interstitial sites as well. Stability of TM (Sc–Zn) dopants in various charge states in MgO and BaO has been investigated in the framework of density functional theory. We propose an effective way to calculate stability of implanted metals that let us predict site preference (interstitial or substitution) of the dopant in the host. We find that two factors govern the preference for an interstitial site: (i) relative ionic radius and (ii) relative oxygen affinity of cation and the TM dopants. If the radius of the cation is much larger than TM dopant, as in BaO, TM atoms always sit at interstitial sites. On the other hand, if the radius of the cation is comparable to that of the dopant TM, as in case of MgO, the transition of the preferred defect site, from substituting lattice Mg atom (Sc to Mn) to occupying interstitial site (Fe to Zn) is observed. This transition can be attributed to the change in the oxygen affinity of the TM atoms from Sc to Zn. Our results also explain experiments on Ni and Fe atoms implanted in MgO. TM dopants at interstitial sites could show substantially different and new properties from substitutionally doped stable compounds.

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“…First, it was demonstrated for helium-implanted silicon, 1,2 and recently for helium-and deuterium-implanted MgO. 3,4 In this letter, we will show by transmission electron microscopy ͑TEM͒ that the cavities have adopted a very special rectangular morphology. The presented results hold the promise that nanocavities can be produced at a desired depth and with a desired size.…”

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confidence: 87%

“…Photon absorption revealed the presence of F centers in the asimplanted sample, which disappeared after annealing to 500 K. For the high-dose-implanted samples annealed at 1370 K, positron-beam analysis indicated the presence of voids with nanometer size at a depth somewhat shallower than that of the helium-implantation depth. 3 In a similar experiment, it was shown using neutron depth profiling that helium is released from the cavities at a temperature of about 1300 K. 3 For cross-sectional TEM examination, slices with a thickness of about 1 mm were obtained from the MgO single crystal with the voids using cleavage fracture along ͕100͖. Two slices were glued together with the original surfaces exposed to implantation facing each other and separated by the glue ͑Gatan G-1 epoxy and hardener͒.…”

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confidence: 99%

Rectangular nanovoids in helium-implanted and thermally annealed MgO(100)

Kooi

Veen

Hosson

et al. 2000

Applied Physics Letters

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Cleaved MgO͑100͒ single crystals were implanted with 30 keV 3 He ions with doses varying from 1ϫ10 19 to 1ϫ10 20 m Ϫ2 and subsequently thermally annealed from 100 to 1100°C. Transmission electron microscopy observations revealed the existence of sharply rectangular nanosize voids at a depth slightly shallower than the helium-implantation range. Monitoring of the defect depth profile and the retained amount of helium was performed by positron-beam analysis and neutron depth profiling, respectively.

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Annealing behaviour of defects in helium implanted MgO

Cited by 20 publications

References 7 publications

Nanocavity formation processes in MgO() by light ion (D, He, Li) and heavy ion (Kr, Cu, Au) implantation

Nanocavity formation processes in MgO() by light ion (D, He, Li) and heavy ion (Kr, Cu, Au) implantation

Prediction of Site Preference of Implanted Transition Metal Dopants in Rock-salt Oxides

Rectangular nanovoids in helium-implanted and thermally annealed MgO(100)

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