Annealing-free and strongly adhesive silver nanowire networks with long-term reliability by introduction of a nonconductive and biocompatible polymer binder

Jin, Yunxia; Deng, Dunying; Cheng, Yuanrong; Kong, Lingqiang; Xiao, Fei

doi:10.1039/c3nr05820d

Cited by 120 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The high and broad transmission spectrum with excellent low R sheet in this sample corresponds to a very high FoM of 385.8.23 This value is among the highest reported values in TCEs,16,[47][48][49] indicating that s-MoO x -treated AgNWs provide a promising alternative for ITO,70 The total transmittance of the TCE decreases with an increase in the 40 concentration of the s-MoO x precursor solution and the thickness of the e-MoO x layer.…”

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confidence: 49%

A solution-processed molybdenum oxide treated silver nanowire network: a highly conductive transparent conducting electrode with superior mechanical and hole injection properties

et al. 2015

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We demonstrate the fabrication of solution-processed MoOx-treated (s-MoOx) silver nanowire (AgNW) transparent conductive electrodes (TCEs) utilizing low-temperature (sub-100 °C) processes. The s-MoOx aggregates around the AgNW and forms gauze-like MoOx thin films between the mesh, which can effectively lower the sheet resistance by more than two orders of magnitude. Notably, these s-MoOx-treated AgNW TCEs exhibit a combination of several promising characteristics, such as a high and broad transmittance across a wavelength range of 400 to 1000 nm, transmission of up to 96.8%, a low sheet resistance of 29.8 ohm sq(-1), a low haze value of 0.90%, better mechanical properties against bending and adhesion tests, and preferable gap states for efficient hole injection in optoelectronic applications. By utilizing these s-MoOx-treated AgNW TCEs as the anode in ITO-free organic light emitting diodes, promising performance of 29.2 lm W(-1) and 10.3% external quantum efficiency are demonstrated. The versatile, multi-functional s-MoOx treatment presented here paves the way for the use of low-temperature, solution-processed MoOx as both a nanowire linker and a hole injection interfacial layer for future flexible optoelectronic devices.

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confidence: 49%

A solution-processed molybdenum oxide treated silver nanowire network: a highly conductive transparent conducting electrode with superior mechanical and hole injection properties

et al. 2015

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“…Actually, it is also reported that solvent evaporation and polymer shrinkage during the coating and heating process could even improve the wire-wire contact. 25,37,45 In the present work, the nanowires were well washed before coating and the thick PVP layer adsorbed on the nanowire surface has been drastically removed, thus the nanowire contact has been already improved in this step. Furthermore, the long nanowires used in this study with average length over 40 µm are not so sensitive to the wire-wire contact resistance change as the relatively short ones (average length of 10~20 µm).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Reliable Silver Nanowire Transparent Electrode Employing Selectively Patterned Barrier Shaped by Self-Masked Photolithography

Wang

Jiu

Sugahara

et al. 2015

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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The transparent electrode based on silver nanowire (AgNW) networks is one promising alternative of indium tin oxide film in particular for advanced flexible and printable electronics. However, the widespread application of AgNW electrode is hindered by its poor long-term reliability. Although the reliability can be improved by applying traditional overcoating layer or the core-shell structure, the transmittance or conductivity is inevitably undermined. In this paper, a novel patterned barrier of photoresist in situ assembled on the nanowire surface realized the reliability enhancement by simply employing AgNWs themselves as the mask in the photolithography process. The patterned barrier selectively covered the nanowires, while keeping the high transmittance and conductivity unchanged and improving the adhesion of AgNW networks on substrate. After 720 h storage in 85 °C/85% relative humidity (RH) environment, the resistance of electrode with patterned barrier only increased by 0.72 times. This study proposes a new way, i.e., the in situ patterned barrier containing light-sensitive substance, to selectively protect AgNW networks, which can be expanded to various metallic networks including nanowires, nanorods, nanocables, electrospun nanofibers, and so on.

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“…polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polyethylene napthalate (PEN)), they exhibit high optical transmittance in the visible part of the spectrum combined with low sheet resistance. [ 19,20 ] Moreover, for an application under outdoor conditions, seve ral aspects have to be considered. The layer stack should be intrinsically stable to ensure a long lifetime.…”

Section: Doi: 101002/aenm201502432mentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation of Sexithiophene Cascade Organic Solar Cells

Bormann

Nehm

Weiß

et al. 2016

Advanced Energy Materials

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fl exibility or light weight required for fl exible OPV. Atomic layer deposited (ALD) oxide thin-fi lms (e.g. SiO x , AlO x ) provide fl exibility and low WVTR rates at the same time. [22][23][24] This work is motivated by two factors: First, a lifetime study for cascade organic solar cells (CSCs) under ambient climate conditions has not been performed up to now, making the evaluation of their applicability diffi cult. Second, only a few publications show highly effi cient organic solar cells on silver nanowire electrodes. Beyond that, all devices exhibiting a PCE >5% on AgNW electrodes used polymer donors. [25][26][27] In this study, we show aging experiments on organic solar cells with the small molecules α-6T/SubNc/SubPc as cascade. [ 10 ] We compare rigid glass-glass encapsulated devices with ITO bottom electrodes to fully fl exible devices. AgNWs are utilized as transparent electrode, ALD thin-fi lms of alumina serve as fl exible ultra-barrier. The planarization of AgNWs is challenging, as they exhibit high surface roughness which usually causes the organic thin-fi lm device to shunt. Many different planarization techniques have been successfully employed using poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS), metal oxides, or small molecules. [ 17,[28][29][30][31][32] Another method uses a peel-off process whereby the silver nanowires are buried in a polymer substrate. [ 25,[33][34][35] We employ the AgNW planarization concept recently demonstrated by Cui et al., [ 36 ] where the AgNWs are buried in the UV-curable optical adhesive "NOA63". This polymer serves as ultrathin and ultrafl exible substrate for the highly conductive AgNW network. Figure 1 shows the electrode fabrication and characterization by means of topographical and optical analysis. Silver nanowires with 35 nm diameter (NW35) are used to transfer the NOA63 into a conductive substrate (details can be found in the Experimental Section).Atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements reveal that the root-mean-square roughness of the electrode is in the range of 1 to 2 nm (Figure 1 B). Furthermore, the strong phase contrast in Figure 1 C shows that AgNWs protrude from the NOA63 surface. This guarantees an electrical contact to adjacent conductive layers. A sheet resistance ( R S ) of (18.5 ± 0.2) Ω/sq is measured for this electrode even though the maximum processing temperature is only 80 °C. The electrode exhibits a total transmission of 84.5% at a wavelength of 550 nm which is comparable to NW35 on glass. However, plasmonic nanowire absorption, which is already present in the neat glass/NW35 electrode, broadens upon embedding in the polymer. This stronger plasmonic absorption in the spectral region between 350 and 500 nm reduces the average total transmission in the visible light spectrum T av to 82.8% as compared to 83.9% of NW35 on glass. Although ITO on glass exhibits a T av of 84.3%, its R S of 26 Ω/sq is higher than for the NW35 electrode.This ultrasmooth, highly conductive, and transparent AgNW electrode is well suitable for ...

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Annealing-free and strongly adhesive silver nanowire networks with long-term reliability by introduction of a nonconductive and biocompatible polymer binder

Cited by 120 publications

References 31 publications

A solution-processed molybdenum oxide treated silver nanowire network: a highly conductive transparent conducting electrode with superior mechanical and hole injection properties

A solution-processed molybdenum oxide treated silver nanowire network: a highly conductive transparent conducting electrode with superior mechanical and hole injection properties

Highly Reliable Silver Nanowire Transparent Electrode Employing Selectively Patterned Barrier Shaped by Self-Masked Photolithography

Degradation of Sexithiophene Cascade Organic Solar Cells

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