Annealing temperatures induced optical constant variations of methyl violet 2B thin films manufactured by the spin coating technique

Thermal behavior, structure formation and optical characteristics of nanostructured basic fuchsine thin films

“…5 and is in good agreement with results of Hindeleh et al [42]. The absorption spectra exhibit many bands that represent the orbital molecular transition from bonding to antibonding molecular orbital [43,44]. The peak located at 2.2 eV is located near from the optical band gap and represents the interaction of incident photons with defects in the band gap.…”

Effect of γ-ray irradiation on structure formation and optical constants of thermally evaporated rhodamine B thin films

“…The calculations of k and n were carried out for films with different thickness ranging from 555 to 690 nm. The experimental errors in the calculations of n is 3% and that for k is 2.5% [20,21]. The average results of k and n shown in Fig.…”

“…The γ-ray doses were 3 and 6 kGy. The method for the determination of optical constants is given elsewhere [20,21]. Fig.…”

Morphological and crystalline structural characteristics of PEDOT™/TiO2 nanocomposites for applications towards technology in electronic devices

“…The value of k is found to decrease with increasing photon energy and has a peak near to the energy gap of the sample. Zeyada et al [16] have attributed the strong increasing of k with decreasing photon energy, especially at the lower photon energy region, to the probability of existence of free carrier. Photon energy dependence of n displays anomalous behavior which can be attributed to the influence of resonance multi-peaks due to multi-oscillation and can be explained by multi-oscillator model [17].…”

“…It is well known that the estimation of the energy gap of the film is very important to improve its electronic band structure and consequently proper its application for optoelectronic devices [26]. Spectral dependence of the absorption near the fundamental absorption edges can be analyzed to obtain the energy by using the band theory which has been used for various organic films according to the following relation [16,27,28]:…”