Annealing Time Effect on Metal Graphene Contact Properties

Sakavičius, A.; Astromskas, Gvidas; Lukša, Algimantas; Bukauskas, Virginijus; Nargelienė, Viktorija; Matulaitienė, Ieva; Šetkus, Arūnas

doi:10.1149/2.0201805jss

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The sizes of the Ni contacts in this study were relatively large in comparison to those that are commonly used for the contact resistance measurement [2][3][4][5][6][9][10][11]. However, it is worth noting that, in our experiment, we measured the same position several times.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effect of High-Temperature Annealing on Graphene with Nickel Contacts

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Graphene has shown great potential for ultra-high frequency electronics. However, using graphene in electronic devices creates a requirement for electrodes with low contact resistance. Thermal annealing is sometimes used to improve the performance of contact electrodes. However, high-temperature annealing may introduce additional doping or defects to graphene. Moreover, an extensive increase in temperature may damage electrodes by destroying the metal–graphene contact. In this work, we studied the effect of high-temperature annealing on graphene and nickel–graphene contacts. Annealing was done in the temperature range of 200–800 °C and the effect of the annealing temperature was observed by two and four-point probe resistance measurements and by Raman spectroscopy. We observed that the annealing of a graphene sample above 300 °C increased the level of doping, but did not always improve electrical contacts. Above 600 °C, the nickel–graphene contact started to degrade, while graphene survived even higher process temperatures.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Among these metals, nickel has especially proven to have great potential, since it creates a good contact with graphene due to the chemisorption mechanism [8]. Furthermore, the thermal annealing of samples has been shown to enhance the electric contact between nickel and graphene [9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of High-Temperature Annealing on Graphene with Nickel Contacts

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We have used the technique proposed by Kang et al [13]. The conditions of the wet chemical processes and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) transfer on substrate were adapted to the fabrication process of the samples in our previous work [14].…”

Section: Materials and Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was demonstrated in our previous work [14] that graphene based resistors must be annealed after the formation of electronic devices. The results demonstrating changes in the total resistance, contact whereas, for the samples with Ni contacts, the R d (t)/ R d (t 0 ) ratio decreased from 1 to 0.65.…”

Section: Electric Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-time drift induced changes in electrical characteristics of graphene–metal contacts

Sakavičius¹,

Agafonov²,

Bukauskas³

et al. 2020

Lith. J. Phys.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Chemical vapour deposition (CVD) graphene is commonly recognized as promising 2D material for development of electronic devices. However, the long-term drift of electrical parameters still requires deeper understanding before the technological means can be selected for an individual type of the devices. In this work, the changes in the electrical resistance were investigated over long time in the planar samples based on the CVD graphene with Au and Ni contacts. The samples were arranged as arrays of the resistors on a silicon substrate covered with a 250 nm layer of thermally grown silicon dioxide. The annealing in pure argon gas flow at 573 K was used to return the electrical properties of samples to the initial state. The effects of drift and annealing were compared for the three parts of structures, namely the electrical contact, the graphene sheet and the edge of the metal film with a hanging graphene sheet. For these parts, the resistance changes were related to the strain and doping of supported and hanged parts of the graphene sheet. Raman spectroscopy and Kelvin force probe microscopy were used to characterize charge doping, strain and work function in the graphene. The drift was explained in terms of the most prominent changes in the doping, strain and work function detected within the edge zone of the contact. It was proved that the annealing significantly changed the p-type doping and work function in the graphene layer in this edge zone. The properties were almost independent of test conditions in the SiO2 supported graphene. The changes in the contact parameters produced by drift mechanisms were proved being reversible under proper annealing conditions.

show abstract

“…On the other hand, rGO alone does not show any temperature-dependent resistivity changes upon annealing treatments in the same conditions as for rGO PtPA 90. The slight change in the value of the resistivity can be ascribed to an improvement of the electrode–rGO interface upon annealing, which is independent from the rGO electrical characteristics. , This data, combined with no changes in C/O ratios (as measured by XPS, Figure S4 and Table S2) nor in sheet resistance (measured by a four-point probe, Figure a), rules out that the improvement in rGO PtPA 90 electrical characteristics is caused by further reduction of the rGO component, which does not take place upon thermal treatment in the conditions used for rGO-PtPA materials.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Tuning the Piezoresistive Behavior of Graphene-Polybenzoxazine Nanocomposites: Toward High-Performance Materials for Pressure Sensing Applications

Vitale,

Puozzo,

Saiev

et al. 2023

Chem. Mater.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Flexible piezoresistive pressure sensors are key components in wearable technologies for health monitoring, digital healthcare, human–machine interfaces, and robotics. Among active materials for pressure sensing, graphene-based materials are extremely promising because of their outstanding physical characteristics. Currently, a key challenge in pressure sensing is the sensitivity enhancement through the fine tuning of the active material’s electro-mechanical properties. Here, we describe a novel versatile approach to modulating the sensitivity of graphene-based piezoresistive pressure sensors by combining chemically reduced graphene oxide (rGO) with a thermally responsive material, namely, a novel trifunctional polybenzoxazine thermoset precursor based on tris(3-aminopropyl)amine and phenol reagents (PtPA). The integration of rGO in a polybenzoxazine thermoresist matrix results in an electrically conductive nanocomposite where the thermally triggered resist’s polymerization modulates the active material rigidity and consequently the piezoresistive response to pressure. Pressure sensors comprising the rGO-PtPA blend exhibit sensitivities ranging from 10–2 to 1 kPa–1, which can be modulated by controlling the rGO:PtPA ratio or the curing temperature. Our rGO-PtPA blend represents a proof-of-concept graphene-based nanocomposite with on-demand piezoresistive behavior. Combined with solution processability and a thermal curing process compatible with large-area coatings technologies on flexible supports, this method holds great potential for applications in pressure sensing for health monitoring.

show abstract

Annealing Time Effect on Metal Graphene Contact Properties

Cited by 8 publications

References 24 publications

Effect of High-Temperature Annealing on Graphene with Nickel Contacts

Effect of High-Temperature Annealing on Graphene with Nickel Contacts

Long-time drift induced changes in electrical characteristics of graphene–metal contacts

Tuning the Piezoresistive Behavior of Graphene-Polybenzoxazine Nanocomposites: Toward High-Performance Materials for Pressure Sensing Applications

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About