Annual and monthly carbon balance in an intensively managed Mediterranean olive orchard

Nardino, M.; Pernice, F.; Rossi, Federica; Georgiadis, T.; Facini, Osvaldo; Motisi, Antonio; Drago, Antonino

doi:10.1007/s11099-012-0079-6

Cited by 54 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The EC data were processed following the standard EUROFLUX guidelines [ Aubinet et al ., ], and the soil heat flux was determined as described in Fuchs and Tanner [], and closure of the surface energy balance was checked. Regardless of the installation, on average 15% of the available energy was not explained by the EC fluxes, a closure consistent with that previously observed at FT _ 2 between 2006 and 2008 [ Nardino et al ., ]. Thus, the closure is within the range reported in the literature over other crop systems and forest [ Goulden et al ., , Aubinet et al ., ; Wilson et al ., ; Teixeira et al ., ; Castellví et al ., ].…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 85%

“…The site is part of the CARBOITALY network within the European CARBOEUROPE framework; both site and climate are fully described in Nardino et al . []. The olive orchard (11 ha, partly drip and partly sprinkler irrigated, and without understories during spring and summer) had four groves; each grove had slightly different characteristics (tree age, canopy height, planting density, and fraction of exposed soil ( f s )).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Daytime sensible heat flux estimation over heterogeneous surfaces using multitemporal land‐surface temperature observations

Castellvı́

Cammalleri

Ciraolo

et al. 2016

Water Resources Research

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Equations based on surface renewal (SR) analysis to estimate the sensible heat flux (H) require as input the mean ramp amplitude and period observed in the ramp-like pattern of the air temperature measured at high frequency. A SR-based method to estimate sensible heat flux (H SR-LST ) requiring only lowfrequency measurements of the air temperature, horizontal mean wind speed, and land-surface temperature as input was derived and tested under unstable conditions over a heterogeneous canopy (olive grove). H SR-LST assumes that the mean ramp amplitude can be inferred from the difference between land-surface temperature and mean air temperature through a linear relationship and that the ramp frequency is related to a wind shear scale characteristic of the canopy flow. The land-surface temperature was retrieved by integrating in situ sensing measures of thermal infrared energy emitted by the surface. The performance of H SR-LST was analyzed against flux tower measurements collected at two heights (close to and well above the canopy top). Crucial parameters involved in H SR-LST , which define the above mentioned linear relationship, were explained using the canopy height and the land surface temperature observed at sunrise and sunset. Although the olive grove can behave as either an isothermal or anisothermal surface, H SR-LST performed close to H measured using the eddy covariance and the Bowen ratio energy balance methods. Root mean square differences between H SR-LST and measured H were of about 55 W m 22 . Thus, by using multitemporal thermal acquisitions, H SR-LST appears to bypass inconsistency between land surface temperature and the mean aerodynamic temperature. The one-source bulk transfer formulation for estimating H performed reliable after calibration against the eddy covariance method. After calibration, the latter performed similar to the proposed SR-LST method.In LST-based applications, the latent heat flux (kET) is often determined as a residual of a simplified SEB, in which the available energy at the surface, given by the difference between the net radiation (R n ) and the soil heat flux (G), is partitioned between kET and sensible heat flux (H) [e.g., Allen et al., 2005]. Even if LST plays an important role in determining the upwelling long-wave component of R n as well as surface

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Daytime sensible heat flux estimation over heterogeneous surfaces using multitemporal land‐surface temperature observations

Castellvı́

Cammalleri

Ciraolo

et al. 2016

Water Resources Research

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“…These data were adopted for calculation of CO 2 sequestrated from the fruits per hectare, by considering an average value of 0.25 kg of carbon per kg of olives [10,27]. According to the aims of the study, the positive effect in terms of carbon sequestration from the agricultural system was highlighted, though, successively, the CO 2 sequestrated is released in the atmosphere in the other phases of the life cycle (that in this study were excluded from the system boundaries).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of European Olive Production Systems

et al. 2016

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(1) Background: Spain, Italy, and Greece are the world's top olive oil producers. In recent decades, these countries have gradually diversified their farming system in the olive groves. The element of innovation with respect to the state of the art is that this paper aims to compare the environmental performance of different farming systems in a European context by performing a simplified Life Cycle Assessment; (2) Methods: Environmental performance was calculated according to the methodology of Life Cycle Assessment and the "Guidance for the implementation of the Product Environmental Footprint (PEF)". Average data were considered in order to describe a system with a great degree of complexity and high spatial heterogeneity; (3) Results: The study highlights the difficulty of identifying the farming method that presents the best environmental performance in each of the impact categories considered. In Greece, the lowest use of diesel, electricity, and water brings about advantages for many impact categories, albeit with low yields. While the highest olive yield obtained in Italy has positive consequences in terms of global warming, the highest use of fertilisers, in many cases, entails higher environmental impacts. On the other hand, in Spain the highest use of organo-phosphorous pesticides entails the highest impacts of eco-toxicity; (4) Conclusion: the reduction of the use of fertilizers and pesticides, as well as water conservation, are important issues which require the optimization of timing and techniques in order to achieve environmental advantages.

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“…For this reason and others, perennial crops, including vineyards, can be managed to reduce emissions and increase carbon storage, achieving a more positive balance [2][3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon budget of the vineyard – A new feature of sustainability

Pitacco

Meggio

2015

BIO Web of Conferences

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Abstract. Vineyards received scarce attention in relation to the continuous monitoring of carbon fluxes and the assessment of their overall budget, as a common believe is that agricultural crops cannot be net carbon sinks. Indeed, many technical inputs, massive periodical harvests, and the repeated disturbances of upper soil layers, all contribute to a substantial loss both of the old and newly-synthesized organic matter. Woody perennials, however, can behave differently: they grow a permanent structure, stand undisturbed in the same field for decades, originate abundant pruning debris, and are often grass-covered. We have been monitoring the Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) by eddy covariance and the carbon partitioning in a temperate vineyard in North Eastern Italy. Five complete yearly budgets confirm a steady and substantial sink capacity of the system, with a yearly NEE around 800-900 g C m −2 , grape harvest representing about 20-25% of it. Biometrical assessment of growth and partitioning show a good agreement with micrometeorological measurements and demonstrate a large input of organic matter into the soil. Even if it can be objected that this sink may be only temporary and the built-up can be substantially disrupted at the end of the vineyard life cycle, these results show that there is a concrete possibility of storing carbon in temperate-climate vineyards, possibly contributing to the global carbon budget. This sink capacity might be accounted in the official calculation of wine carbon footprint and represents a new, relevant feature of their sustainability.

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Annual and monthly carbon balance in an intensively managed Mediterranean olive orchard

Cited by 54 publications

References 48 publications

Daytime sensible heat flux estimation over heterogeneous surfaces using multitemporal land‐surface temperature observations

Daytime sensible heat flux estimation over heterogeneous surfaces using multitemporal land‐surface temperature observations

Comparison of European Olive Production Systems

Carbon budget of the vineyard – A new feature of sustainability

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