Annual Rainfall in Pernambuco, Brazil: Regionalities, Regimes, and Time Trends

Bezerra, Alan Cézar; Costa, Sidney Anderson Teixeira da; Silva, Jhon Lennon Bezerra da; Araújo, Athos Murilo Queiroz De; Moura, Geber Barbosa de Albuquerque; Lopes, Pabrício Marcos Oliveira; Nascimento, Cristina Rodrigues

doi:10.1590/0102-77863630129

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…On the contrary, autumn (Figure 3b) and winter (Figure 3c) have more points with an increasing tendency concerning other seasons, with annual increments that reach almost 6 mm. This behaviour of negative trends in precipitation during the wet period and positive during the dry period is quite common, having already been registered in the studies by Paul et al (2017), Phuong et al (2019) and Bezerra et al (2021). The positive trend points were concentrated in parts of the upper and lower Paraguaçu, and the first is at high altitudes.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 69%

“…In other seasons, they are quite small, except the south-central and southwest portions of the hydrographic region. Surpluses are practically nil throughout the year, except in summer and spring in the far west and autumn and winter in the far east (SOUZA; NASCIMENTO, 2020.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the same time, the remaining 23 are points around the hydrographic region, which served only for spatial interpolation. The filling of gaps in the monthly historical series was carried out with the help of the kriging geostatistical interpolator, which considers the spatial correlation and reproduces good estimates (MEDEIROS et al, 2019;BRUBACHER;GUASSELI, 2020). In addition, the homogeneity of the series was also assessed, using the RHtest package developed by Wang (2008aWang ( , 2008b, a program that contains statistical tests that check the significance of the points of change within the series, identify temporal noise, and harmonise the new data set.…”

Section: Datasetmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trends in pluviometric precipitation and climatic water balance in the hydrographic region of Paraguaçu – BA

Souza

Nascimento

2021

Cad. Geogr.

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Trend analysis of hydroclimatic data is essential in the development of water resources management, as it can envisage changes in the pattern of behaviour, helping develop strategies for adaptation in the face of imminent climate change. This study aimed to investigate possible annual and seasonal trends in rainfall and climatological water balance in the hydrographic region of Paraguaçu - BA. From the historical series of precipitation, deficiency and water surpluses, between 1989 and 2018, two analysis scenarios were conducted: the first to verify the annual and seasonal trends of each station, using the traditional Mann-Kendall (MK) methods and Sen’s estimator; and the second for each sub-region of Paraguaçu, by comparing MK with the Innovative Trend Analysis (ITA). The results of the annual series, regardless of the methodology adopted, point to negative trends in rainfall, positive trends in deficit and negative trends in water surplus. Seasonally, in the autumn and winter seasons, generally considered to be drought, there were more trends of increasing rainfall and decreasing water deficiency. A comparison between the MK and ITA models showed that both have similar results for indicating trends in the sub-regions of Paraguaçu. However, the ITA has shown a higher number of significant trends.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Datasetmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trends in pluviometric precipitation and climatic water balance in the hydrographic region of Paraguaçu – BA

Souza

Nascimento

2021

Cad. Geogr.

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“…The temporal distribution of rainfall has a strong influence on the water balance of the Caatinga biome and, consequently, on the soil moisture, directly influencing the NDVI (Arraes et al, 2012). The reduction of humidity and the reduction of the vegetative canopy result in an increase in the incidence of radiation on the surface, corroborating Bezerra et al (2021aBezerra et al ( , 2021b for the semiarid region of the state of Pernambuco, Northeast of Brazil.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 55%

Spatiotemporal Variation of the Vegetation Index by Normalized Difference in the Hydrographic Basin of Pernambuco Semiarid, Brazil

Silva

Lopes

2021

Jour. Hypers. Rem. Sensg.

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Remote sensing is an important mechanism for spatiotemporal monitoring of vegetation. Vegetation indexes have been widely used in monitoring vegetated areas, to determine and estimate the index of leaf area, biomass, and photosynthetically active radiation, among others. In these indexes, the Normalized Difference Index Vegetation (NDVI) stands out, which indicates the health status of a vegetative canopy. Considering the proven applicability of this index, in addition to the relevant importance of the Caatinga biome, related to the need for monitoring at the expense of desertification processes, the article aimed to analyze temporal variations of the NDVI in a hydrographic basin of the Brazilian semiarid region, in the municipality of Itacuruba/PE, Brazil. The study area covers a hydrographic basin belonging to the São Francisco River. Remote sensing techniques were used to estimate the NDVI in four orbital images provided by NASA/USGS in the year 2020, with less than 10% clouds. Then, the data were subjected to descriptive statistical analysis to obtain minimum, maximum, mean, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation values. The results showed that the NDVI presented values ranging from -0.30 to 0.57. The means found ranged from 0.16 to 0.23 for the months studied, as well as in the standard deviation values, values between 0.06 and 0.09 were found, corroborating other correlated studies in the region. The coefficient of variation data showed average variability, according to the Warrick & Nielsen classification criteria. It is noteworthy that, in addition to the dry climate of the region, the shrubby vegetation presents physiological defense characteristics such as the fall of foliage. It was concluded that the use of remote sensing was effective in evaluating the spatial-temporal dynamics of the vegetation index in the watershed, managing to measure environmental variations at the expense of climate change.

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“…Our results are similar to those of Salviano et al (2016) [103], who analyzed the temporal trends of precipitation and the average temperature in Brazil from 1961 to 2011. Barbosa et al (2016) [104], Alcântara et al (2019) [105], Verçosa et al (2019) [106] and Bezerra et al (2021) [107], in different areas of the state of Pernambuco, Gonçalves and Back (2018) [108], in the southern region of Brazil, Thielen et al (2020) [109], in the Upper Paraguai basin, and Cabral Júnior and Lucena (2020) [110], in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, in which no trends were identified in the time series of precipitation. Of all the calculated indices, only the SPI-12 showed trends in some mesoregions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Indices-Based Analysis of Rainfall Spatiotemporal Variability in Pernambuco State, Brazil

Silva

Santos

Silva

et al. 2022

Water

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In Brazil, the Northeast region, particularly the state of Pernambuco, is prone to extreme hydrological events, especially episodes of heavy rain and long periods of drought. This study examined the spatiotemporal variability of rainfall in Pernambuco and the occurrence of extreme rainfall events. In this study, the following climate indices were used in daily rainfall data from the historical series from 1990 to 2020: (a) the Precipitation Concentration Index (PCI), (b) the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), (c) the Precipitation Concentration Degree (PCD), (d) the Precipitation Concentration Period (PCP), and (e) the Rainfall Anomaly Index (RAI), and the non-parametric Mann–Kendall and Sen’s slope tests, for the analysis of trends in the series of precipitation and the studied climate indices. The results obtained indicated that the east of the state presents more distributed precipitation throughout the year, being “moderately seasonal” in the mesoregions Metropolitana do Recife and Zona da Mata; “seasonal” in the Agreste Pernambucano mesoregion; and “strongly seasonal” in the Sertão Pernambucano and Sertão do São Francisco mesoregions. The SPI found that the most severe and extreme droughts occurred in almost all mesoregions during the 1990s, except in the Sertão do São Francisco mesoregion, where they were predominant in the 2010s. Furthermore, based on the RAI index, it was possible to have a greater occurrence of negative anomalies than positive anomalies, especially in the last decade (2010–2020), indicating a possible change in rainfall patterns. However, more in-depth research is required to determine the possible causes of this increased number of negative anomalies. Finally, the trend analysis indicated that only the SPI-12 presented trends in the Metropolitana do Recife, Agreste, and Sertão Pernambucano mesoregions. However, Sen’s slope test indicated that the magnitude of these trends is not significant.

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Annual Rainfall in Pernambuco, Brazil: Regionalities, Regimes, and Time Trends

Cited by 17 publications

References 41 publications

Trends in pluviometric precipitation and climatic water balance in the hydrographic region of Paraguaçu – BA

Trends in pluviometric precipitation and climatic water balance in the hydrographic region of Paraguaçu – BA

Spatiotemporal Variation of the Vegetation Index by Normalized Difference in the Hydrographic Basin of Pernambuco Semiarid, Brazil

Climate Indices-Based Analysis of Rainfall Spatiotemporal Variability in Pernambuco State, Brazil

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