Annual Variation in Energy Consumption of an Electric Vehicle Used for Commuting

Abstract

The energy consumption of an electric vehicle is primarily due to the traction subsystem and the comfort subsystem. For a regular trip, the traction energy can be relatively constant but the comfort energy has variation depending on seasonal temperatures. In order to plan the annual charging operation of an eco-campus, a simulation tool is developed for an accurate determination of the consumption of an electric vehicle throughout year. The developed model has been validated by comparison with experimental measurement of a real vehicle on a real driving cycle. Different commuting trips are analyzed over a complete year. For the considered city in France (Lille), the comfort energy consumption has an overconsumption up to 33% in winter due to heating, and only 15% in summer due to air conditioning. The urban commuting driving cycle is more affected by the comfort subsystem than extra-urban trips.

Auxiliaries’ power and energy demand prediction of battery electric vehicles using system identification and deep learning

“…The calibration of the numerous model parameters involved is not addressed in the paper and the validation of the model is limited to a single cooling and heating scenario with constant cooling and heating, respectively. In [9], Desreveaux et al implement a heat pump model in the energetic macroscopic representation environment to simulate the variation of the energy demand of electric vehicles in northern France due to seasonal temperature differences. The authors conclude that the HVAC system can be a significant contributor to the total energy demand, especially in urban driving cycles and that the ambient temperature influences the HVAC system's load most.…”

“…Due to its simplicity, this approach is well-suited to be applied also for other vehicles. As in [9], the prediction result of the auxiliaries' load profile, however, has not been validated explicitly so the accuracy of this approach is not quantifiable. Also in [10,11], the predicted power of the auxiliary consumers is implemented as a time-convex or timeconstant function of the ambient temperature and has not been validated.…”

Analysis of factors affecting the energy consumption of an EV vehicle - a literature study

“…This is due to the influence of the cabin interior heating. On the other hand, the authors in [20] examined the annual variability of energy consumption during driving in the French city of Lille. The results of the analysis show that when the vehicle interior is heated, energy consumption increases by up to 33%.…”

A comparative performance of machine learning algorithm to predict electric vehicles energy consumption: A path towards sustainability

“…This study does not use the real-world EV energy consumption data. Desreveaux et al 44 used simulation tools to estimate the annual variation of EVs energy consumption. The employed model was validated by comparing experimental measurements of the actual vehicle driving cycle.…”