Annular floral nectary with oil‐producing trichomes in <i>Salvia farinacea</i> (Lamiaceae): Anatomy, histochemistry, ultrastructure, and significance

Zhang, Xiaohui; Sawhney, V. K.; Davis, Arthur R.

doi:10.3732/ajb.1400368

Cited by 22 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 119 publications

(296 reference statements)

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“…Victoria Blue and Salvia apiana are two edible Salvia plants native to southwestern regions of the USA and Mexico. The first is a perennial shrub that typically grows to be 45–90 cm, whose gray-green leaves are drooping, irregularly-serrate, ovate-lanceolate, and contain a compact multi-branched rich violet-blue flowers spikes, resembling lavender [11,12,13]. In turn, S. apiana , also known as white sage, is a branched shrub growing up to 1.5 m, with silvery white petiolate leaves highly aromatic, and white to pale lavender flowers [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Health-Benefits and Phytochemical Profile of Salvia apiana and Salvia farinacea var. Victoria Blue Decoctions

et al. 2019

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Salvia apiana and Salvia farinacea var. Victoria Blue decoctions were screened for diverse bioactivities, including the ability to counteract oxidative and inflammatory events, as well as to act as cytotoxic and antimicrobial agents. Both extracts showed good activities and that of S. apiana origin was particularly effective regarding the ability to prevent lipid peroxidation and to prevent nitric oxide (NO●) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cell line (EC50 = 50 μg/mL). Moreover, it displayed high cytotoxic capacity against hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2, cervical carcinoma HeLa, and breast carcinoma cells MCF-7, but comparatively low effects in porcine liver primary cells, which highlights its selectivity (GI50 = 41–60 μg/mL vs. 362 μg/mL, respectively). Further, it exhibited inhibitory and lethal potential against a panel of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. It is possible that the bioactive properties of the two Salvia extracts are associated to their phenolic components and, in the particular case of S. apiana, to its richness in phenolic terpenes, namely in rosmanol, hydroxycarnosic acid and a derivative of sageone, which were found in the extract.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Health-Benefits and Phytochemical Profile of Salvia apiana and Salvia farinacea var. Victoria Blue Decoctions

et al. 2019

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“…In turn, floral scents are perceived by insects from shorter distances than the odour of other plant parts (Schultze et al, 1992). Recently, many studies have been focused on the morphology of trichomes in plants from the Lamiaceae family and their content of essential oils (Zhang et al, 2014;Eiji & Salmaki, 2016;Giuliani et al, 2017;Haratym & Weryszko-Chmielewska, 2017;Yarmoohammadi et al, 2017). The relatively large D. moldavica flowers (corolla length of ca.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The family Lamiaceae comprises 236 genera and approximately 7000 species (Harley et al, 2004). Floral nectar is a very important attractant to animals visiting flowers of the species of this family (Zhang et al, 2014). Nectar serves essential ecological functions, as it is a primary attractant for different pollinator groups (Pacini et al, 2003;Nicolson & Tornburg, 2007;Heil, 2011;Nepi et al, 2011Nepi et al, , 2012.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flowering and Nectar Secretion in two Forms of the Moldavian Dragonhead (Dracocephalum moldavica L.) – A Plant with Extraordinary Apicultural Potential

Dmitruk

Weryszko-Chmielewska

Sulborska

2018

Journal of Apicultural Science

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Dracocephalum moldavica is a valuable reward plant for flower visitors. The aim of the study was to ecologically characterise its flowers and leaves and assess the seasonal and daily dynamics of flowering in two white- and blue-flowered forms of this species in 2004 and 2005. Additionally, the duration and abundance of plant flowering as well as the nectar amount and sugar content were analysed. The signalling attractants of the plant include an intense scent emitted by trichomes located not only on its flowers but also on its stem and leaf surfaces. The average corolla length is 24 mm and the corolla tube, which can be completely filled with nectar, is 8.6 mm long. The floral lifespan was shown to reach 2-3 days and the mean blooming duration of both forms of dragonhead 45-48 days. The white-flowered plants produced a substantially greater number of flowers (5352) than the blue-flowered form (2965). The nectar amount obtained from ten blue flowers was 15.33 mg and that extracted from white flowers reached 17.56 mg, with 49.4% and 51.5% content of sugar, respectively. The total sugar mass produced by one white-flowered plant was 4656 mg, while one blue-flowered plant yielded 2164 mg of sugars. The sugar yield calculated in the study for the white-flowered form (586 kg · ha−1) was two-fold higher than that in the blue-flowered plants.

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“…For light microscopy examination, the materials were rehydrated by ethanol series and double‐distilled water, washed three times in 25 mM phosphate buffer, postfixed in 1% OsO 4 (pH 6.8), then followed by procedures of dehydration, infiltration, and epoxy resin embedding with Epon 812 (SPI Supplies, West Chester, PA, USA) described elsewhere with minor modifications (Zhang et al, 2014). Semi‐thin (2 μm) sections of ovules were obtained using a Leica EM UC6 Ultra‐microtome (Wien, Austria), stained with 0.1% toluidine blue, and examined under a Leica DM5000B microscope equipped with a Leica DFC490 camera.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ovule morphogenesis and structure in Menispermaceae, focusing on the development of the single fertile ovule and its systematic significance

Wang

Yan

Ren

2020

J of Sytematics Evolution

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Menispermaceae is one of the core groups of Ranunculales. The single fertile ovule in each ovary in Menispermaceae varies greatly in integument number, micropyle formation, and integument lobe. However, data regarding ovule morphogenesis in the family are very limited. In this study, we document ovule development of selected species in the Menispermaceae using scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy. Ovule development in Menispermaceae shows the following characteristics. Two ovules are initiated in a young carpel, one of them degenerates gradually and the other develops into a fertile ovule in subsequent stages. Bitegmic in Sinomenium Diels. and Cocculus DC. and unitegmic in Stephania Lour. The formation of unitegmy is probably due to integumentary shifting. The annularly initiated inner integument is of dermal origin and has 2–3 cell layers in the family, but the semi‐annularly initiated outer integument is of both dermal and subdermal origin. Both inner and outer integument are cup‐shaped at maturity. The cup‐shaped outer integument is formed due to the outer integument's extension to the concave (adaxial) side of the funiculus. The obturator is well developed and consists of 2–3 cell layers in Cocculus or 9–11 cell layers in Stephania. Ovule development of Menispermaceae suggests some common characteristics between Cocculus and Sinomenium, and derived unitegmy supports molecular data that indicate Stephania is one of the late‐diverging lineages in the family. Integument lobations are present. The sterile ovule shows variations in the degeneration process. These results will provide evidence for exploring the evolution of ovules in Ranunculales.

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Annular floral nectary with oil‐producing trichomes in Salvia farinacea (Lamiaceae): Anatomy, histochemistry, ultrastructure, and significance

Cited by 22 publications

References 119 publications

The Health-Benefits and Phytochemical Profile of Salvia apiana and Salvia farinacea var. Victoria Blue Decoctions

The Health-Benefits and Phytochemical Profile of Salvia apiana and Salvia farinacea var. Victoria Blue Decoctions

Flowering and Nectar Secretion in two Forms of the Moldavian Dragonhead (Dracocephalum moldavica L.) – A Plant with Extraordinary Apicultural Potential

Ovule morphogenesis and structure in Menispermaceae, focusing on the development of the single fertile ovule and its systematic significance

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