Anodic oxidation of cyanide on a reticulated three-dimensional electrode

Tissot, P.; Fragniere, M.

doi:10.1007/bf00249850

Cited by 51 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…With electrochemical technology developing, the idea of three-dimensional electrodes has also been put forward [13,28]. Besides particles of the packed bed electrode and the reticulated texture of reticulated vitreous carbon electrode, the porous structure of activated carbon fiber felt can also improve mass transfer of the solution and enlarge the area of electrodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of activated carbon fiber anode structure and electrolysis conditions on electrochemical degradation of dye wastewater

Chen

Yuan

2008

Journal of Hazardous Materials

113

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of activated carbon fiber anode structure and electrolysis conditions on electrochemical degradation of dye wastewater

Chen

Yuan

2008

Journal of Hazardous Materials

113

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…However, their application to eliminating organic pollutants from wastewater has just begun recently. In the oxidation process, the organics such as phenol and formic acids are ultimately mineralized using three-dimensional electrodes [6][7][8]. However, little attention has been paid to the possibility of applying electrochemical technology to the degradation of anionic surfactants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical treatment of anionic surfactants in synthetic wastewater with three-dimensional electrodes

Kong

Wang

et al. 2006

Journal of Hazardous Materials

126

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…From the analytical measurements, the concentrations of the individual species, H ϩ , OH Ϫ , CN Ϫ , HCN, Cu ϩ , Cu(CN) 2 Ϫ , Cu(CN) 3 Ϫ2 , and Cu(CN) 4 Ϫ3 , were calculated from the concentration-based equilibrium constants given in Table I. A limited number of totalcyanide determinations were done by HCN distillation and titration with silver nitrate.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Destruction of Dilute Cyanide by Copper‐Catalyzed Oxidation in a Flow‐Through Porous Electrode

Hofseth

Chapman

1999

J. Electrochem. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cyanide ion is a pollutant that occurs in many industrial wastewater streams, particularly rinse waters from electroplating operations. 1 Based on aquatic toxicity tests, regulatory agencies have set point-source cyanide emission limits on the order of 1 ppm. Thus, it is necessary to treat wastewaters containing cyanide prior to discharge to the environment.Two common methods for destruction of cyanide are chemical oxidation, with hypochlorite for instance, or electrochemical oxidation. Neither is ideal for attaining the low levels required. Chemical methods may leave an excess of other objectionable chemicals in the water stream, and electrochemical methods are not efficient when the cyanide level drops below 100 ppm because of mass-transfer limitations and low current efficiency. This paper addresses these latter limitations in order to identify a more effective electrochemical treatment method.On many electrode surfaces, the anodic overpotential for cyanide oxidation is large and the current efficiency is low. The cyanide solutions must necessarily be kept alkaline to prevent liberation of hydrogen cyanide (pK ϭ 9.2). In the potential range where cyanide reacts, and in the absence of halides, the concurrent oxidation of hydroxide to oxygen is the major source of current inefficiency. Researchers have investigated a variety of electrodes seeking a good catalyst for cyanide oxidation. Metal oxides have been found to reduce the cyanide overpotential, but most are not stable in the solutions of interest. One exception may be lead dioxide. 2 Another appears to be copper oxide. [3][4][5] The problem of mass-transfer limitations with a very dilute reactant such as cyanide is best solved by use of an extended-surface electrode, such as a flow-through porous electrode. 6-9 Such electrodes not only promote high mass-transfer rates, but they also provide high surface areas within a compact volume.In this study a reticulated vitreous carbon porous anode was activated with copper to catalyze cyanide oxidation. Synthetic waste solutions were treated, both on a once-through basis and in a semibatch recycle reactor, in order to determine the efficacy of this approach.System Chemistry The solution chemistry of cyanide and its electrochemical oxidation are rather complicated. Depending on reaction conditions one can observe a variety of reaction products, but the reaction of primary interest for pollution control is the two-electron oxidation of cyanide to the much less toxic product cyanateThe competing anodic reaction that robs current efficiency in an excess of hydroxide isOn electrodes such as platinum reaction 1 exhibits a large overpotential such that reaction 2 can proceed preferentially. Reaction 1 can be catalyzed either homogeneously or heterogeneously by copper. Katagiri et al. [10][11][12] have discussed a homogeneous mechanism in which cuprous in a cyanide complex is oxidized anodically, and the resulting cupric complex undergoes an intramolecular redox reaction regenerating cuprous and producing cyanogen, which hy...

show abstract

Anodic oxidation of cyanide on a reticulated three-dimensional electrode

Cited by 51 publications

References 17 publications

Effect of activated carbon fiber anode structure and electrolysis conditions on electrochemical degradation of dye wastewater

Effect of activated carbon fiber anode structure and electrolysis conditions on electrochemical degradation of dye wastewater

Electrochemical treatment of anionic surfactants in synthetic wastewater with three-dimensional electrodes

Electrochemical Destruction of Dilute Cyanide by Copper‐Catalyzed Oxidation in a Flow‐Through Porous Electrode

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About