Anomalous Photon-Induced Near-Field Electron Microscopy

Pan, Yiming; Zhang, Bin; Gover, A.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.122.183204

Cited by 38 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…We conclude that randomly emitted electrons from a thermal emitter are wave functions with a few-femtosecond duration (full width at half maximum, ~5 fs) that is comparable to the laser period (6.5 fs); laser-electron interaction is therefore in a transitional regime ( 20 , 22 ) between classical point-particle physics and population dynamics on a photon ladder. The results therefore confirm recent theoretical predictions of an anomalous regime in photon-induced electron microscopy for electron pulses as short as the optical cycles ( 22 ). The origin of the measured limited temporal coherence of thermal electrons may be electron localization due to temperature; invoking the time-energy uncertainty principle with an emitter temperature of T ≈ 1500 K and the Boltzmann constant k B produces ℏ/(2 k B T ) ≈ 2.5 fs, comparable to the measurement result.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Attosecond metrology in a continuous-beam transmission electron microscope

et al. 2020

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Electron microscopy can visualize the structure of complex materials with atomic and subatomic resolution, but investigations of reaction dynamics and light-matter interaction call for time resolution as well, ideally on a level below the oscillation period of light. Here, we report the use of the optical cycles of a continuous-wave laser to bunch the electron beam inside a transmission electron microscope into electron pulses that are shorter than half a cycle of light. The pulses arrive at the target at almost the full average brightness of the electron source and in synchrony to the optical cycles, providing attosecond time resolution of spectroscopic features. The necessary modifications are simple and can turn almost any electron microscope into an attosecond instrument that may be useful for visualizing the inner workings of light-matter interaction on the basis of the atoms and the cycles of light.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Pan et al . ( 22 ) and Kirchner et al . ( 20 ) have studied these cases and the transitional regime by simulations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Attosecond metrology in a continuous-beam transmission electron microscope

et al. 2020

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“…Here, following Ref. [9] we used a quantum wave packet model for the bunching, because the wave packet size σ ez ¼ v 0 σ et is usually longer than an optical wavelength in a high quality TEM [14,31]. The consistency of the quantum and classical analyses of the bunching process in the case of multiple electrons is satisfying.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They should lead to more elaborate theoretical formulation and experimental studies in both fundamental and applied physics research. The reality of the size and shape of a single electron wave function in its PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 124, 064801 (2020) interaction with radiation has raised new interest in the old question of particle-wave duality [14,[31][32][33]37]. The CL process provides an alternative way for probing the reality of the single electron wave function through interaction with a well defined 2-LS quantum transition.…”

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confidence: 99%

Free-Electron–Bound-Electron Resonant Interaction

Gover

Yariv

2020

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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Here we present a new paradigm of free-electron-bound-electron resonant interaction. This concept is based on a recent demonstration of the optical frequency modulation of the free-electron quantum electron wave function (QEW) by an ultrafast laser beam. We assert that pulses of such QEWs correlated in their modulation phase, interact resonantly with two-level systems, inducing resonant quantum transitions when the transition energy ΔE ¼ ℏω 21 matches a harmonic of the modulation frequency ω 21 ¼ nω b. Employing this scheme for resonant cathodoluminescence and resonant EELS combines the atomic level spatial resolution of electron microscopy with the high spectral resolution of lasers.

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“…This latter regime is appropriate for the description of electron-light interaction in THz experiments, synchrotron and free-electron laser interactions [34,35]. The details of the transition between the two regimes have been recently considered theoretically by Pan, Zhang and Gover [36] and have yet to be observed experimentally.…”

Section: Longitudinal Electron Phase Manipulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatio-temporal shaping of a free-electron wave function via coherent light–electron interaction

2020

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The past decade has witnessed a quantum revolution in the field of computation, communication and materials investigation. A similar revolution is also occurring for free-electron based techniques, where the classical treatment of a free electron as a point particle is being surpassed toward a deeper exploitation of its quantum nature. Adopting familiar concepts from quantum optics, several groups have demonstrated temporal and spatial shaping of a free-electron wave function, developing theoretical descriptions of light-modulated states, as well as predicting and confirming fascinating phenomena as attosecond self-compression and orbital angular momentum transfer from light to electrons. In this review, we revisit the milestones of this development and the several methods adopted for imprinting a time-varying phase modulation on an electron wave function using properly synthesized ultrafast light fields, making the electron an exquisitely selective probe of out-of-equilibrium phenomena in individual atomic/nanoscale systems. We discuss both longitudinal and transverse phase manipulation of free-electrons, where coherent quantized exchanges of energy, linear momentum and orbital angular momentum mediating the electron–light coupling are key in determining their spatio-temporal redistribution. Spatio-temporal phase shaping of matter waves provides new routes toward image-resolution enhancement, selective probing, dynamic control of materials, new quantum information methods, and exploration of electronic motions and nuclear phenomena. Emerging as a new field, electron wave function shaping allows adopting familiar quantum optics concepts in composite-particle experiments and paves the way for atomic, ionic and nuclear wave function engineering with perspective applications in atomic interferometry and direct control of nuclear processes.

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Anomalous Photon-Induced Near-Field Electron Microscopy

Cited by 38 publications

References 24 publications

Attosecond metrology in a continuous-beam transmission electron microscope

Attosecond metrology in a continuous-beam transmission electron microscope

Free-Electron–Bound-Electron Resonant Interaction

Spatio-temporal shaping of a free-electron wave function via coherent light–electron interaction

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