Anorectal leiomyoma: A case report and literature review

Transanal excision of anorectal leiomyoma, a rare location pathology: case report and review

“…These tumors recurred in around 30-40% and the risk of malignancy was around 10% to become a leiomyosarcoma, although in general the rate of malignant conversion for leiomyomas of the digestive tract was not fully established or varied according to their location. [12][13][14] So patient follow up was recommended, in our case facilitated by its proximity to the anal margin can be performed by anoscopy or endoanal ultrasound.…”

Rare case of an anorectal leiomyoma

“…They may include pain, rectorrhagia, tenesmus or they can be confirmed by a biopsy and the treatment depends on their alteration, which is confirmed by medical examination. Biopsy is often non-informative because it does not involve the entire tumor, including the full evolution of histological characteristics [3,6]. The radiological imaging, such as MRI or 360° tridimensional transrectal ultrasound, are useful to identify and localize the mass, to provide information on its relationship with the adjacent structures such as the anal sphincter or uro-gynecological structures and to indicate the operative strategy [5].…”

“…The treatment of perianal leiomyoma consists in the complete surgical resection, ensuring tumor-free margins [3]. Since local resection was impossible due to the size of the lesion and sphincter involvement, abdominoperineal resection was performed as suggested in other cases reported.…”

“…Extrauterine leiomyoma can be classified according to the place of origin as a piloleiomyoma (derived from erectile muscles of hair follicles), an angioleiomyoma (from blood vessel smooth muscle wall), or a genital leiomyoma (derived from) tunica dartos of the scrotum [2]. In the digestive tract, the most common presentations are in the stomach, followed by the small intestine, but are rarely found in the anorectal region, where they represent less than 0.1% of the tumors of the rectum, with a rare presentation in soft parts, mainly in the perianal topography [3,4]. Literature shows that the anal leiomyoma is a rare finding: isolated cases have been reported, and the most common presentation is a painless tumor in this area [4].…”