Anorexigenic effects of two amines obtained from Catha edulis Forsk. (Khat) in rats

Zelger, J. L.; Carlini, E. A.

doi:10.1016/0091-3057(80)90152-5

Cited by 80 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Tolerance and cross-tolerance to the anorectic effects of cathinone and amphetamine in the rat have also been reported (Foltin and Schuster 1982;Foltin et al 1983) and these results have been extended to include cathine as well (Zelger and Carlini 1980). Furthermore, in an isolated cat nictitating membrane preparation, both lcathinone and d-cathine were found to have amphetamine-like properties.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Rats become acutely tolerant to cathine after amphetamine or cathinone administration

Schechter

1990

Psychopharmacology

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The drug discrimination paradigm was used to evaluate in rats the ability of the discriminate response to either 0.8 mg/kg d-amphetamine or 0.8 mg/kg l-cathinone to generalize to 2.4-6.0 mg/kg of the active cathinone metabolite d-norpseudoephedrine, also known as cathine. When tested 24 h after vehicle administration, cathine generalized in a dose-related fashion in rats (n = 6) trained with cathinone (ED50 = 3.03 mg/kg) and in rats (n = 8) trained with amphetamine (ED50 = 2.93 mg/kg). In contrast, when cathine was tested 24 h after the administration of either amphetamine or cathinone, it produced significantly decreased discriminative performance. The possibility that this acute tolerance may have been produced by release, and subsequent depletion, of brain dopamine was tested by pretreating rats with the dopamine release inhibitor CGS 10746B. When CGS 10746B was administered prior to cathinone it significantly decreased cathinone discrimination. In addition, acute tolerance to cathine at 24 h after vehicle-cathinone co-administration was reversed when cathine was tested 24 h after CGS 10746B-cathinone co-administration. The results suggest that cathinone-produced discriminative stimulus, as well as the acute tolerance to cathine, may be dopaminergically mediated.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Rats become acutely tolerant to cathine after amphetamine or cathinone administration

Schechter

1990

Psychopharmacology

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“…In a recent study (Murray et al, 2008), khat’s anorectic effect on humans was confirmed in a laboratory setting using a controlled experiment. In addition, rat studies using purified CATH have demonstrated that acute administration induces a significant reduction in food intake (Knoll, 1979; Zelger and Carlini, 1980). In a chronic experimental study, CATH was found to induce a marked reduction in body weight (Zelger and Carlini, 1980).…”

Section: Khat As a Cultural Tradition And Natural “Amphetamine”mentioning

confidence: 99%

Khat use and appetite: An overview and comparison of amphetamine, khat and cathinone

Lemieux

Al’Absi

2015

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

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Ethnopharmacological relevance To understand the role of khat (Catha edulis) use on the aberrations in appetite and weight which are common comorbidities for khat and other amphetamine users. Materials and methods We provide a comprehensive overview and conceptual summary of the historical cultural use of khat as a natural stimulant and describe the similarities and differences between cathinone (the main psychoactive constituent of khat) and amphetamine highlighting the limited literature on the neurophysiology of appetite and subsequent weight effects of khat. Results Animal and some human studies indicate that khat produces appetite suppression, although little is known about mechanisms of this effect. Both direct and indirect effects of khat stem from multiple factors including behavioral, chemical and neurophysiological effects on appetite and metabolism. Classic and newly identified appetite hormones have not been explored sufficiently in the study of appetite and khat use. Unique methodological challenges and opportunities are encountered when examining effects of khat and cathinone including khat-specific medical comorbidities, unique route of administration, differential patterns of behavioral effects relative to amphetamines and the nascent state of our understanding of the neurobiology of this drug. Conclusion A considerable amount of work remains in the study of the appetite effects of khat chewing and outline a program of research that could inform our understanding of this natural amphetamine’s appetite effects and help prepare health care workers for the unique health effects of this drug.

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“…[81,82,83]. The predominant active ingredients of C. edulis are cathinone (1-α-aminopropiophenone) and cathine (D- nor -pseudoephedrine).…”

Section: Phytochemicals That Decrease Body Weight Through a Combinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemicals in the Control of Human Appetite and Body Weight

Tucci

2010

Pharmaceuticals

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Since obesity has grown to epidemic proportions, its effective management is a very important clinical issue. Despite the great amount of scientific effort that has been put into understanding the mechanisms that lead to overconsumption and overweight, at the moment very few approaches to weight management are effective in the long term. On the other hand, modern society is also affected by the growing incidence of eating disorders on the other side of the spectrum such as anorexia and bulimia nervosa which are equally difficult to treat. This review will try to summarise the main findings available in the literature regarding the effect of plants or plant extracts (phytochemicals) on human appetite and body weight. The majority of plant extracts are not single compounds but rather a mixture of different molecules, therefore their mechanism of action usually targets several systems. In addition, since some cellular receptors tend to be widely distributed, sometimes a single molecule can have a widespread effect. This review will attempt to describe the main phytochemicals that have been suggested to affect the homeostatic mechanisms that influence intake and body weight. Clinical data will be summarised and scientific evidence will be reviewed.

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Anorexigenic effects of two amines obtained from Catha edulis Forsk. (Khat) in rats

Cited by 80 publications

References 10 publications

Rats become acutely tolerant to cathine after amphetamine or cathinone administration

Rats become acutely tolerant to cathine after amphetamine or cathinone administration

Khat use and appetite: An overview and comparison of amphetamine, khat and cathinone

Phytochemicals in the Control of Human Appetite and Body Weight

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