Anserine/Carnosine Supplementation Suppresses the Expression of the Inflammatory Chemokine CCL24 in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells from Elderly People

Abstract

Our goal was to determine whether anserine/carnosine supplementation (ACS) suppresses chemokine levels in elderly people. In a double-blind randomized controlled trial, volunteers were assigned to the ACS or placebo group (1:1). Sixty healthy elderly volunteers (active, n = 30; placebo, n = 30) completed the study. The ACS group was administered 1.0 g of anserine/carnosine (3:1) for 3 months. A microarray analysis and subsequent quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) showed decreased expression of CCL24, an inflammatory chemokine (p < 0.05). Verbal memory, assessed using the Wechsler memory scale–logical memory, was preserved in the ACS group. An age-restricted sub-analysis showed significant verbal memory preservation by ACS in participants who were in their 60s (active, n = 12; placebo, n = 9; p = 0.048) and 70s (active, n = 7; placebo, n = 11; p = 0.017). The suppression of CCL24 expression was greatest in people who were in their 70s (p < 0.01). There was a significant correlation between the preservation of verbal memory and suppression of CCL24 expression in the group that was in the 70s (Poisson correlation, r = 0.46, p < 0.05). These results suggest that ACS may preserve verbal episodic memory, probably owing to CCL24 suppression in the blood, especially in elderly participants.

Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Astaxanthin and Sesamin on Daily Fatigue: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Two-Way Crossover Study

“…Antioxidative and anti-apoptotic activity might be attributable to the upregulated expression of endogenous superoxide dismutase and catalase [ 41 ]. An anti-inflammatory mechanism might also be involved in the anti-fatigue effect of astaxanthin, because chicken essence and its dipeptides anserine and carnosine are known to have both anti-inflammatory and anti-fatigue effects [ 42 , 43 ]. The link between inflammation and chronic fatigue syndrome has also been reported [ 44 ].…”

Important roles of dietary taurine, creatine, carnosine, anserine and 4-hydroxyproline in human nutrition and health

“…For example, oral administration of anserine (10 or 100 mg/45 kg BW in 20 ml of tap water) reduced blood glucose levels during an oral glucose tolerance test in humans . Similarly, supplementing anserine plus carnosine (1 g/day, 3:1 ratio, 3 months) to healthy elderly subjects has been shown to preserve verbal episodic memory and brain perfusion (including blood flow in the prefrontal brain (Ding et al 2018;Hisatsune et al 2015;Rokicki et al 2015), attenuate cognitive impairment (Hisatsune et al 2016;Masuoka et al 2019), inhibit the production of inflammatory cytokines by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (Katakura et al 2017), and enhance muscular strength and exercise endurance (Hirohiko et al 2006). Because avian muscle contains a large amount of anserine as noted previously, much evidence shows that consumption of a popular Asian food known as chicken essence (chicken meat extract) by humans, particularly elderly subjects, has long been a nutritional means to improve human health and prevent chronic diseases.…”

Anserine Reverses Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress and Preserves Cellular Homeostasis in Healthy Men

“…Previous studies have focused on chicken essence when attributing anserine and carnosine's various antioxidative, antiglycating, anti-inflammation, antilipogenic, and antifatigue protective properties [3][4][5][6][7]. Others have only focused on carnosine's antioxidative role [8].…”