Antagonism of Paenibacillus lentimorbus to Botryosphaeria dothidea and Biological Control of Panicle and Shoot Blight of Pistachio

Abstract

A potential microbial fungicide, Paenibacillus lentimorbus isolate CBCA-2, against Botryosphaeria dothidea, the pistachio panicle and shoot blight fungus, was obtained from healthy pistachio leaves by both in vitro and in vivo screening techniques. CBCA-2 caused 100% inhibition of pycnidiospore germination after 24 h incubation at 25°C. Malformation of pycnidiospores and hyphae, and lysis and swollen pycnidiospores of B. dothidea occurred in the presence of cell suspensions of CBCA-2. Among the five media tested, nutrient yeast dextrose broth significantly increased the production of antifungal compounds. Application of culture filtrates of CBCA-2 suppressed disease on detached pistachio leaves, but washed bacterial cells did not inhibit lesion development. Development of lesions on excised dormant stems was inhibited only when the culture filtrate was applied before fungal inoculation. Survival of the CBCA-2 after treatment with azoxystrobin (Abound), benomyl (Benlate), tebuconazole (Elite), propiconazole (Break), or trifloxystrobin (Flint) at the highest recommended concentration was not affected, but survival was affected by iprodione (Rovral). Spraying a suspension of CBCA-2 on pruning wounds before inoculation with pycnidiospores of B. dothidea significantly reduced infection compared with the unsprayed, inoculated controls.

DNA fingerprinting of Paenibacillus popilliae and Paenibacillus lentimorbus using PCR-amplified 16S–23S rDNA intergenic transcribed spacer (ITS) regions

“…AF499610). Several bacterial isolates reported to be P. lentimorbus, based on fatty-acid analysis, are likely misidentified (Chen et al, 2003;Montealagre et al, 2003;DasGupta et al, 2006).…”

Purification and partial characterization of antifungal metabolite from Paenibacillus lentimorbus WJ5

“…Though the antibiotic-producing potential of Bacillus and Paenibacillus species has been recognized for more than six decades, very few reports are available on the antifungal trait of P. lentimorbus (Chen et al 2003;Dasgupta et al 2006). Recently, Nautiyal et al (2006) reported that P. lentimorbus B-30488, isolated from the milk of Sahiwal cows showed antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.…”

Evaluation of Paenibacillus polymyxa carboxymethylcellulose/poly (vinyl alcohol) formulation for control of Carya cathayensis canker caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea

“…Similar biocontrol effectiveness of antagonistic bacteria against Botryosphaeria spp. has also been reported in panicle and shoot blight of pistachio (Chen et al., ) and apple ring rot (Chen, Zhang, Fu, Li, & Wang, ).…”

“…Similar biocontrol effectiveness of antagonistic bacteria against Botryosphaeria spp. has also been reported in panicle and shoot blight of pistachio (Chen et al, 2003) and apple ring rot (Chen, Zhang, Fu, Li, & Wang, 2016). thaliana (Timmusk & Wagner, 1999) and cucumber (Benhamou, Gagne, Quere, & Dehbi, 2000;Chen et al, 2000).…”

“…Excessive use of chemical treatments for the control of plant pests in agricultural and forest ecosystems causes serious environmental problems. Consequently, there are increased calls for restrictions of the use of pesticides and a need to identify eco-friendly biocontrol agents, such as antagonistic microorganisms (Chen, Morgan, Felts, & Michailides, 2003;Alfonzo, Conigliaro, Torta, Burruano, & Moschetti, 2009;Cheng, Xu, Li, Qin, & Chen, 2016). In the work reported here, the antagonistic bacterium P. polymyxa strain CF05 was formulated in CMC/PVA and used to treat Carya cathayensis infected by the fungal pathogen B. dothidea, cause of trunk canker.…”