Antagonistic Responses with Combinations of Carbamate and Growth Regulator Herbicides

Prendeville, G. N.; James, C. S.; Warren, G. F.; Schreiber, M. M.

doi:10.1017/s0043174500054096

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Reports were made of antienergistic effects for 2,4-D and EPTC but the organisms used were not algae (Prendeville et al, 1969;James et af., 1970;Beste & Schreiber, 1970, 1972a. lIhey were acting antienergistically in terms of inhibition of chlorophyll production.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of pesticides on Chlorella, Chlorococcum, Stigeoclonium (Chlorophyceae), Tribonema, Vaucheria (Xanthophyceae) and Oscillatoria (Cyanophyceae)

Torres

O'Flaherty

1976

Phycologia

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An examination was made of the influence of atrazine, simazine, malathion and 2,4-D on total chlorophyll produc tion by Chlorella vulgaris, Ch/orococcum hypnosporum, Sfigeoc/onium fenl/e, Tribonema sp. , Val/cheria geminata and Oscil/aforia lulea.The herbicide 2,4-D in concentrations up to 100 mg/I did not alter chlorophyll production by the algae. Ch/O/·o coccum was not influenced by the pesticides . When added individually, atrazine, simazine and malathion inhibited chlorophyll production at a concentration of I mg/I or greater except for Sligeoc/onium, in which production was not influenced by I mg/I simazine . Results were variable when the pesticides were present individually at a con centration of I fig/I. The three pesticides stimulated chlorophyll production by Chlorella when present individually at 0· 1 and 0·5 fig/I. The same was true for simazine and malathion on Tr ibonema and Oscillaloria. A complete examination was not made for all the algae in these lower concentrations of pesticides. A significant interaction was present among atrazine, simazine and malathion. Combinations of two pesticides resulted in more inhibition, less inhibition or stimulation of chlorophyll production depending upon the con centrations used.Treatment of Va ucheria with 1 fig/I malathion caused a production of brown crystals inside the cytoplasm, a formation of a second cell wall inside the first and distortion of gametangia developing at the time of initial treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of pesticides on Chlorella, Chlorococcum, Stigeoclonium (Chlorophyceae), Tribonema, Vaucheria (Xanthophyceae) and Oscillatoria (Cyanophyceae)

Torres

O'Flaherty

1976

Phycologia

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“…Several researchers have observed antagonistic interaction between 2,4 -D and other herbicides with different modes of action. Prendeville (13) proposed that the hormone action of 2,4 -D negates growth inhibition by a second herbicide. The increase in cell division associated with phenoxy herbicides could cause sicklepod plants to outgrow the loss of intact cells from acifluorfen injury.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions of 2,4-DB, Acifluorfen, and Toxaphene Applied to Foliage of Sicklepod (Cassia obtusifolia)

Waldrop

Banks

1983

Weed sci.

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The dimethylamine salt of 2,4-DB [4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid] combined with toxaphene (chlorinated camphene) or acifluorfen [5-(2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-2-nitrobenzoic acid] and toxaphene combined with acifluorfen at several rates each were applied in the greenhouse and field to sicklepod (Cassia obtusifoliaL.) to determine interactions. Toxaphene plus 2,4-DB treatments produced synergistic or additive responses in the greenhouse and in the field. Antagonistic or additive responses were observed with acifluorfen plus 2,4-DB treatments in the greenhouse, but not in the field. Acifluorfen plus toxaphene produced only additive responses in the greenhouse with synergistic interactions observed under field conditions.

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“…Antagonism between carbamate herbicides and growth regulator chemicals such as 2,4-D has been observed in several species but the mechanism of antagonism is not adequately explained (Prendeville et al, 1969;Holm, O'Brien, Key & Cherry, 1970;James et al, 1970), The combination of 2,4-D with 5-ethyl-N, 7V-dipropyl(thiocarbamate) (EPTC) is antagonistic to the inhibition of growth of soybean hypocotyl segments by EPTC and causes an increase in total RNA synthesis (Beste & Schrieber, 1972). In the present studies, combination of asulam with 2,4-D, GA or CEPA were antagonistic to inhibition by asulam of RNA synthesis and growth in excised bud tissue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on the mode of action of asulam in bracken (Pteridium aquilinum L. Kuhn) II. Biochemical activity in the rhizome buds

1977

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Summary: The effect of asulam (methyl (4‐aminobenzenesulphonyl) carbamate) on the synthesis of RNA and protein was investigated in bracken sporeling plants and excised rhizome bud tissue. Foliage application of asulam (4.4 kg/ha) reduced the RNA levels in frond buds and young fronds within 3 days, while protein levels were significantly reduced after 14 days. A significant reduction in respiratory activity of buds was observed after 2 weeks, the level of inhibition being 54% after 8 weeks. During a 3‐h incubation period, O2 uptake by excised bud issue was stimulated by 5 and 10 ppm asulam and inhibited by higher concentrations; 32P uptake was inhibited at all concentrations. Asulam (5 ppm and above) inhibited bud growth and reduced RNA and protein levels in incubated buds (20 h at 30°C), and the incorporation of [14C]orotic acid into RNA and [14C]leucine into protein. Reduction of RNA levels and inhibition of [14C]ladenine incorporation into RNA in buds occurred entirely in the ribosomal and supernatant fractions of the cellular extract. Inhibition of RNA synthesis by asulam (50 ppm) as measured by [14C] orotic acid incorporation into RNA was completely antagonized by CEPA (3‐chloroethylphosphonic acid) (50 ppm) and partially by 2,4‐D (2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) (50 ppm) and GA (Gibberellic acid) (50 ppm). These results suggest that the interference of asulam with RNA and protein synthesis at the metabolically active sinks (rhizome buds) could be one of its major mechanisms of action in bracken.

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Antagonistic Responses with Combinations of Carbamate and Growth Regulator Herbicides

Cited by 20 publications

References 6 publications

Influence of pesticides on Chlorella, Chlorococcum, Stigeoclonium (Chlorophyceae), Tribonema, Vaucheria (Xanthophyceae) and Oscillatoria (Cyanophyceae)

Influence of pesticides on Chlorella, Chlorococcum, Stigeoclonium (Chlorophyceae), Tribonema, Vaucheria (Xanthophyceae) and Oscillatoria (Cyanophyceae)

Interactions of 2,4-DB, Acifluorfen, and Toxaphene Applied to Foliage of Sicklepod (Cassia obtusifolia)

Studies on the mode of action of asulam in bracken (Pteridium aquilinum L. Kuhn) II. Biochemical activity in the rhizome buds

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