Antarctic krill Thysanoessa macrura fills a major gap in marine lipogenic pathways

Kattner, Gerhard; Hagen, Wilhelm; Falk‐Petersen, Stig; Sargent, J. R.; Henderson, R. J.

doi:10.3354/meps134295

Cited by 30 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In the Antarctic euphausiid Thysanoessa macrura, lipids decreased from 40 to 9%DM (Sep to Nov) after reproduction was completed. The lipid utilized was not replaced until the phytoplankton bloom later in the year (Hagen et al 1996, Hagen & Kattner 1998. Similarly, female C. hyperboreus had a winter/early spring spawn during which lipids decreased from 50 to 25%DM (Conover & Corner 1968).…”

Section: Accumulation and Utilization Of Storage Lipids Reproductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, E. crystallorophias also contained considerable amounts of phytol at one under-ice location in Antarctica (Falk-Petersen et al 1999). The fatty alcohol composition of the Antarctic euphausiid Thysanoessa macrura is unique because it has both 18:1(n-9) and (n-7) as its principal alcohols (Kattner et al 1996, Hagen & Kattner 1998. Kattner & Krause (1989) reported 22:1 alcohol to account for 43 to 72% of the alcohols in Calanus finmarchicus from the North Sea, whereas Miller et al (1998) reported an absence of this alcohol in C. finmarchicus from the Gulf of Maine.…”

Section: Fatty Alcoholsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, one of the important phospholipids, phosphatidylcholine, also appears to serve as a storage lipid in high-latitude euphausiids, e.g. Euphausia superba, E. crystallorophias and Thysanoessa macrura (Hagen et al 1996, Mayzaud 1997.…”

Section: Lipid Classesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Species including Calanus australis, C. finmarchicus, Calanoides carinatus, and Euphausia superba utilize stored lipids during winter but must feed on the spring/summer phytoplankton blooms to produce large amounts of eggs ( Fig. 8b) (Hirche & Kattner 1993, Hagen et al 1996, FalkPetersen et al 2000, Hagen & Auel 2001, Quetin & Ross 2001, Niehoff 2004. C. finmarchicus egg production has been shown to depend on the concentration of phytoplankton with 600 eggs per female produced under bloom conditions but much lower egg production under low food concentrations (Diel & Tande 1992, Nielsen & Hansen 1995.…”

Section: Accumulation and Utilization Of Storage Lipids Reproductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, in Euphausia superba, less than 2% of its lipids are located in this organ (Clarke 1980). With permission from Blades-Eckelbarger (1991) Various polar euphausiids appear to utilize phosphatidylcholine as a storage lipid (Hagen 1988, Hagen et al 1996, Mayzaud 1997. Phosphatidylcholine is the major lipid in high-density lipoproteins found in arthropod hemolymph (Lee & Puppione 1988, Lee 1991, Walker et al 2003.…”

Section: Hepatopancreas and Fat Bodiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lipid storage in marine zooplankton

Lee

Hagen²,

Kattner³

2006

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

Self Cite

654

548

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Zooplankton storage lipids play an important role during reproduction, food scarcity, ontogeny and diapause, as shown by studies in various oceanic regions. While triacylglycerols, the primary storage lipid of terrestrial animals, are found in almost all zooplankton species, wax esters are the dominant storage lipid in many deep-living and polar zooplankton taxa. Phospholipids and diacylglycerol ethers are the unique storage lipids used by polar euphausiids and pteropods, respectively. In zooplankton with large stores of wax esters, triacylglycerols are more rapidly turned over and used for short-term energy needs, while wax esters serve as long-term energy deposits. Zooplankton groups found in polar, westerlies, upwelling and coastal biomes are characterized by accumulation of large lipid stores. In contrast, zooplankton from the trades/tropical biomes is mainly composed of omnivorous species with only small lipid reserves. Diapausing copepods, which enter deep water after feeding on phytoplankton during spring/summer blooms or at the end of upwelling periods, are characterized by large oil sacs filled with wax esters. The thermal expansion and compressibility of wax esters may allow diapausing copepods and other deep-water zooplankton to be neutrally buoyant in cold deep waters, and they can thus avoid spending energy to remain at these depths. Lipid droplets are often noted in zooplankton ovaries, and a portion of these droplets can be transferred to developing oocytes. In addition to lipid droplets, zooplankton eggs have yolks with lipovitellin, a lipoprotein with approximately equal amounts of protein and lipid. The lipovitellin lipid is predominantly phosphatidylcholine, so during reproduction females must convert a portion of their storage lipid into this phospholipid. Developing embryos use their lipovitellin and lipid droplets for energy and materials until feeding begins. The various functions storage lipids serve during the different life history stages of zooplankton are very complex and still not fully understood and hence offer a multitude of fascinating research perspectives.

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Section: Accumulation and Utilization Of Storage Lipids Reproductionmentioning

confidence: 99%