Antegonial Notch and Mandibular Symphysis as indicators of Growth Pattern

Kar, Beena; Aggarwal, Isha; Mittal, Sanjay; Bhullar, Mandeep; Singla, Divya; Sharma, Abhishek

doi:10.1055/s-0039-1677777

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Similarly, Tomer and Kishnani [19] found no significant correlation between the craniofacial morphology and the antegonial notch depth. In contrast, Kar et al [2] and Basha et al [20] evaluated the correlation of the antegonial notch depth and facial height. They categorized the patients into three groups of normal, hyperdivergent, and hypodivergent based on the Jarabak index.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationship between Skeletal Malocclusion and Radiomorphometric Indices of the Mandible in Long Face Patients

D’Amato,

Tofangchiha,

Sheikhdavoodi

et al. 2024

Diagnostics

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This study aimed to assess the relationship between skeletal malocclusion and radiomorphometric indices of the mandible in long face patients. This cross-sectional study evaluated 174 lateral cephalograms and panoramic radiographs of long face patients between the ages of 17 and 30 presenting at the Orthodontics Department of Qazvin Dental School. The gonial angle, antegonial angle, type of antegonial notch, and depth of antegonial notch were measured bilaterally on panoramic radiographs. The correlation between the radiomorphometric parameters and the type of occlusion was analyzed using one-way ANOVA, independent t-test, Chi-square test, and Fisher’s exact test (alpha = 0.05). The mean size of gonial angle was significantly different among the three classes of occlusion (p = 0.046), while the difference was not significant regarding the antegonial angle size and antegonial notch depth (p > 0.05). An independent t-test showed that the mean sizes of gonial angle (p = 0.026) and antegonial angle (p = 0.036), and the antegonial notch depth (p = 0.046) in males, were significantly greater than the values in females. According to the Chi-square and Fisher’s exact test, the right antegonial notch type was significantly different among the three classes of malocclusion (p = 0.006), while this difference was not significant in the left side (p = 0.318). The right antegonial notch type II was more common in males, while the right antegonial notch type I was more common in females (p = 0.014). According to the results, the indices of gonial angle and type of antegonial notch can be clinically useful for predicting the growth rate of the mandible and designing the appropriate treatment in long face patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finding a precise, valid, and reliable technique for mandibular growth prediction is imperative for orthodontists. Mandibular growth prediction in the early stages of life can greatly aid in more accurate diagnoses and precise treatment planning [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Skeletal Malocclusion and Radiomorphometric Indices of the Mandible in Long Face Patients

D’Amato,

Tofangchiha,

Sheikhdavoodi

et al. 2024

Diagnostics

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“…The thick symphysis is noted in a horizontal growth pattern (Ricketts, 1960). Gracco et al showed that symphysis thickness was greater in short-faced subjects than in long-faced subjects (Gracco et al, 2010).In patients with horizontal growth pattern, short symphysis height, large symphyseal depth, and the small symphyseal ratio are noted as compared with the hyperdivergent group the results were statistically signi icant but larger symphysis angle showed not a statistically signi icant difference compared to hyperdivergent group (Kar et al, 2018). Sassouni and Nanda (Sassouni and Nanda, 1964) and Bjork (Björk, 1969) have found pronounced apposition beneath the symphysis with a concavity in the inferior border of the mandible associated with the tendency toward backward jaw rotation of the mandible.…”

Section: Symphysis Width and Symphysis Anglementioning

confidence: 98%

Comparison between antegonial notch depth, symphysis morphology and ramus morphology among different growth patterns in skeletal class I and class II subjects

Abirami

Navaneethan

Varghese

2020

ijrps

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In orthodontics and dentofacial orthopaedics, a thorough knowledge of growth and development is essential in order to understand various factors that contribute as to how a particular type of growth takes place. When planning of orthodontic treatment for a malocclusion, one has to take into account the growth pattern, because it would considerably affect the success of the treatment. The purpose of this study was to compare antegonial notch depth, symphysis morphology, and ramus morphology in different growth patterns in skeletal class I and class II subjects. In this study, a total of 60 cephalograms were taken which comprised 30 cephalograms in skeletal class I and 30 cephalograms of skeletal class II patients. The groups were further divided into three groups, namely average, horizontal, and vertical growth patterns based on Jarabak’s ratio. Antegonial notch depth, symphysis width and symphysis angle, and ramus height were measured and compared between the growth patterns and between class I and class II skeletal patterns. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was performed to determine the comparison between groups for all these variables in both skeletal class I and class II. Independent 't' test was done to determine the comparison between skeletal class I and class II subjects for all variables. Mean and SD values for all variables were determined for all the groups. Depth of antegonial notch was found to be greater in vertical growth patterns compared to horizontal and average growth patterns. Large symphysis angle and symphysis width were noted in a horizontal growth pattern. Increased ramus height was noted in horizontal and average growth patterns. There was no significant difference between skeletal class I and class II malocclusion for all parameters.

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“…This results in formation of notch at lower border of mandible which is known as pregonial or antegonial notching. [8][9][10] Patients with deep antegonial notching are found to have disturbances of condylar and mandibular growth and it is more common with the patients having vertical growth pattern. [11][12][13] Shallow antegonial notching is usually seen in patients with horizontal growth pattern where orofacial muscular forces are strong.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12 Different studies have been conducted so far on finding out the frequency of lower third molar impactions and its pattern in different populations. 9,10 However few studies have been reported on the frequency of lower third molar impactions in patients with different morphological characteristics. To our knowledge, this is the first study aimed at determining the frequency of impacted lower third molars in orthodontic patients with different antegonial notch depths.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency of mandibular third molar surgical impactions in orthodontic patients with different antegonial notching

Azeem

Saleem

Awaisi

et al. 2019

JIMDC

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Background: Few studies have been reported so far on the frequency of lower third molar impactions in patients with different morphological characteristics. Our aim in this study was to find out the frequency of impacted lower third molars in orthodontic patients with different antegonial notch depths. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional research was conducted at Orthodontics Department of Dental Section, Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad, and de’Montmorency College of Dentistry, Lahore, Pakistan from June 2017 to June 2019. A total of 60 orthopantomograms (OPGs) of patients with impacted lower third molars were included. The depth of antegonial notch was calculated on all the selected OPGs by measuring distance between the deepest area of the notch cavity and the tangent on the inferior border of the mandible. The patients with depth of antegonial notch of 1 mm or less were labeled as having shallow antegonial notch, while those with 3 mm or more were considered as having deep antegonial notch. Percentages and mean + SD were calculated for different variables. Depth of antegonial notching was compared between genders using ANOVA with P-value <0.5 considered as significant. Results: Of 60 orthodontic patients, there was an equal number of male and female patients (n=30). The average age of the patients was 25.5±4 years. Overall frequency of impactions was similar in both the genders and frequency of impacted lower third molars was found to be greater in patients with deeper antegonial notches. Conclusion: Mandibular third molar impactions were most frequent in orthodontic patients with deep antegonial notches

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Antegonial Notch and Mandibular Symphysis as indicators of Growth Pattern

Cited by 3 publications

References 19 publications

Relationship between Skeletal Malocclusion and Radiomorphometric Indices of the Mandible in Long Face Patients

Relationship between Skeletal Malocclusion and Radiomorphometric Indices of the Mandible in Long Face Patients

Comparison between antegonial notch depth, symphysis morphology and ramus morphology among different growth patterns in skeletal class I and class II subjects

Frequency of mandibular third molar surgical impactions in orthodontic patients with different antegonial notching

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