Antennas for biomedical applications

Silicon‐based technology: Circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna at ISM band with miniature structure using fractal geometry for biomedical application

“…A number of biomedical devices (such as pace‐makers, swallowable pills etc.) in which medical science and engineering science has merged together, has been introduced over the last few decades . A major part of biomedical devices are implantable in nature.…”

“…Sensor produces meaningful signals carrying information about various human physiological parameters (such as glucose level in blood, pH level, cardiac pressure) and then antenna transmits these signals via wireless radio frequency links to the external receiver unit situated in a hospital or a health care station. This whole system is known as biotelemetry . While modeling biotelemetry system, special attention should be given to the design of implantable antennas to make it able to communicate with the external base station and to preserve patient's safety.…”

“…While modeling biotelemetry system, special attention should be given to the design of implantable antennas to make it able to communicate with the external base station and to preserve patient's safety. For implantable antennas some of the design requirements which should be met are miniaturization in size, wider bandwidth, biocompatibility, allowable SAR (specific absorption rate), flexibility and so forth . In the earlier stages, inductive links were used for implantable medical devices.…”

“…The remedy to this problem is to cover the metal part of the patch with various superstrate dielectric layers. Teflon, Alumina Ceramic, Macor are some of the widely used superstrates . After designing an implantable device, one should have to calculate its SAR (specific absorption rate) value to validate the design for practical use.…”

“…in which medical science and engineering science has merged together, has been introduced over the last few decades. 1 A major part of biomedical devices are implantable in nature. In implantable devices, a sensor associated with an antenna is implanted generally inside the human body.…”