Anthelmintic and cytotoxic activities of extracts of Markhamia obtusifolia Sprague (Bignoniaceae)

Nchu, Felix; Githiori, J. B.; McGaw, Lyndy Joy; Eloff, Jacobus Nicolaas

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.06.017

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The aqueous extraction carried out in the laboratory does not approximate the traditionally used methods. In work that was completed after this study had started, members in our group decided to use laboratory aqueous extraction conditions on a plant with excellent antifungal activities [54]. To our surprise the aqueous extract of Markhamia obtusifolia had double the activity of the acetone extract and it was slightly less toxic to Vero kidney cells than to Haemonchus contortus [54].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In work that was completed after this study had started, members in our group decided to use laboratory aqueous extraction conditions on a plant with excellent antifungal activities [54]. To our surprise the aqueous extract of Markhamia obtusifolia had double the activity of the acetone extract and it was slightly less toxic to Vero kidney cells than to Haemonchus contortus [54]. These results indicate that we should determine the anthelminthic activity of aqueous extracts of plant species that we have already investigated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficacy and toxicity of thirteen plant leaf acetone extracts used in ethnoveterinary medicine in South Africa on egg hatching and larval development of Haemonchus contortus

2013

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BackgroundHelminthiasis is a major limitation to the livestock industry in Africa. Haemonchus contortus is the singular most important helminth responsible for major economic losses in small ruminants. The high cost of anthelmintics to small farmers, resistance to available anthelmintics and residue problems in meat and milk consumed by humans further complicates matters. The use of plants and plant extracts as a possible source of new anthelmintics has received more interest in the last decade. Our aim was not to confirm the traditional use, but rather to determine activity of extracts.Based on our past experience acetone was used as extractant. Because it is cheaper and more reproducible to evaluate the activity of plant extracts, than doing animal studies, the activity of acetone leaf extracts of thirteen plant species used traditionally in ethnoveterinary medicine in South Africa were determined using the egg hatch assay and the larval development test. Cytotoxicity of these extracts was also evaluated using the MTT cellular assay.ResultsExtracts of three plant species i.e. Heteromorpha trifoliata, Maesa lanceolata and Leucosidea sericea had EC50 values of 0.62 mg/ml, 0.72 mg/ml and 1.08 mg/ml respectively for the egg hatch assay. Clausena anisata; (1.08 mg/ml) and Clerodendrum glabrum; (1.48 mg/ml) extracts were also active. In the larval development assay the H. trifoliata extract was the most effective with an EC50 of 0.64 mg/ml followed by L. sericea (1.27 mg/ml). The activities in the larval development test were generally lower in most plant species than the egg hatch assay. Based on the cytotoxicity results C. anisata was the least toxic with an LC50 of 0.17 mg/ml, while Cyathea dregei was the most toxic plant with an LC50 of 0.003 mg/ml. The C. anisata extract had the best selectivity index with a value of 0.10 and 0.08 for the two assays, followed by H. trifoliata and L. sericea with values of 0.07, 0.07 and 0.05, 0.04. The C. dregei extract had the worst selectivity index with a value of 0.00019 for both assays.ConclusionThe result of this study indicates which species should be further investigated in depth for isolation of compounds.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and toxicity of thirteen plant leaf acetone extracts used in ethnoveterinary medicine in South Africa on egg hatching and larval development of Haemonchus contortus

2013

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“…El no emplear solvente químico, puede explicar la diferencia en ecacia que presentaron los extractos acuosos de P. sericea y A. tridentata. Los extractos acuosos tienen la ventaja de presentar menor citotoxicidad en comparación con los extractos a base de acetona (Nchu et al 2011), aspecto que corrobora la mayor inocuidad de los extractos acuosos sobre los organismos, además la baja citotoxicidad es un aspecto importante para evaluar la selectividad de este tipo de compuestos sobre los hospederos de los parásitos (Fouche et al 2016). …”

Section: Resultados Y Discusiónunclassified

Actividad ovicida y larvicida de extractos acuosos de Pluchea sericea y Artemisia tridentata en Haemonchus contortus

Montero¹,

Reyes²,

Aíl-Catzim³

et al. 2018

Ecosist. Recur. Agropec.

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El objetivo fue evaluar la actividad ovicida y larvicida de extractos acuosos de hojas de Pluchea sericea y Artemisia tridentata sobre Haemonchus contortus. Se evaluaron concentraciones de 100, 75, 50, 25 y 12.5 mg mL-1 de cada extracto. Se tuvo diferencias signicativas (p 0.05) para todas las concentraciones en la inhibición de la eclosión de huevos y mortalidad larval de H. contortus. La dosis de 100 mg mL-1 redujo la eclosión larvaria en 100 y 96.30%, con mortalidad larvaria del 92.67 y 89.33% para P. sericea y A. tridentata, respectivamente. La CL50 fue de 23.21 y 23.26 mg mL-1 para la inhibición de eclosión de huevos, para la mortalidad larvaria se tuvo una CL50 de 20.36 y 27.18 mg mL-1 para los extractos de P. sericea y A.tridentata, respectivamente. Los extractos acuosos de hojas de P. sericea y A. tridentata controlan los estadios de huevo y larva de H. contortus.

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“…However, it is imperative to note that cytotoxicity in vitro does not always equate to in vivo. This is based on the fact that within a biological system, there are possible interactions in the gut and biotransformation issues [20,21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Melanogenesis, Antioxidant and Anti-Tyrosinase Activities of Scabiosa columbaria L.

Otang-Mbeng

Sagbo

2020

Processes

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Scabiosa columbaria is a plant traditionally used to treat skin ailments, such as scabies, wound bruises, sores and hyperpigmentation. To find a novel skin depigmenting agent, the present study was investigated to determine the possible anti-melanogenesis, antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase effects of methanol extract of S. columbaria leaves. Cytotoxicity towards human dermal fibroblast (MRHF) cells was assessed using the live-cell fluorescence imaging microscopy. The inhibitory effects of the extract on tyrosinase, collagenase and melanin synthesis were also investigated using standard in vitro method, while ferric reducing power (FRAP) was used to determine the antioxidant potential of the plant extract. The effect of the extract on collagen content in MRHF cells was also investigated. The plant extract displayed no meaningful cytotoxicity towards MRHF cells and no significant cell death was recorded at all the tested concentrations. The extract (25–100 µg/mL) effectively decreased melanin content in B16F10 (mouse melanoma) cells with moderate inhibition of tyrosinase enzyme in a dose-dependent manner. However, the extract also demonstrated no significant effect on collagenase and collagen content in MRHF cells, but showed strong antioxidant activity at the concentrations tested. The results suggest that S. columbaria could be a promising candidate in the treatment of skin hyperpigmentation disorders

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Anthelmintic and cytotoxic activities of extracts of Markhamia obtusifolia Sprague (Bignoniaceae)

Cited by 20 publications

References 31 publications

Efficacy and toxicity of thirteen plant leaf acetone extracts used in ethnoveterinary medicine in South Africa on egg hatching and larval development of Haemonchus contortus

Efficacy and toxicity of thirteen plant leaf acetone extracts used in ethnoveterinary medicine in South Africa on egg hatching and larval development of Haemonchus contortus

Actividad ovicida y larvicida de extractos acuosos de Pluchea sericea y Artemisia tridentata en Haemonchus contortus

Anti-Melanogenesis, Antioxidant and Anti-Tyrosinase Activities of Scabiosa columbaria L.

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