Anthelmintic effect of Cassia fistula and Combretum leprosum protein fractions against goat gastrointestinal nematodes

Abstract

In this study, we evaluated the ovicidal and larvicidal activity of protein preparations obtained from Cassia fistula L. and Combretum leprosum Mart. leaves on the gastrointestinal parasites of goats. Protein preparations were obtained after the extraction of C. fistula L. and C. leprosum Mart. leaves, followed by protein fractionation (with ammonium sulfate saturation percentages of 30%, 30%-60%, and 60%-90%) and dialysis, which resulted in protein fractions (called F1, F2, and F3, respectively). The fractions were evaluated by egg hatching (the eggs were recovered in stool samples from naturally infected goats) and larval development tests. The results reveled that the inhibition of hatching of eggs caused by the protein fractions of C. fistula (38%) were similar to that of the control drug, thiabendazole. In addition, the fractions of C. fistula caused significant inhibition (61-69%) of larval development also. However, C. leprosum did not reveal significant inhibition of egg hatching and larval development. We conclude that C. fistula L. showed better ovicidal and larvicidal activity against endoparasites.

Phytochemical and Nematicidal Surveys on Some Anthelmintic Plants, With Special Reference to Cassia Fistula L.

“…Tannins may affect via two mechanisms; the first is direct, which may be done by altering biological processes inside nematode (Hoste et al, 2006), the second effective mechanism may be done indirectly through the inhibition of egg hatching (Butter et al, 2000). The larvicidal action observed by C. fistula protein preparations may be related to the presence of lectins, the larvicidal action is genuine to this class of proteins (Silva et al, 2018). It was suggested that the adverse effect of Cassia alata against nematodes may linked to the presence of saponins, which in the extract, and it may also be related to the ability of saponins to disrupt eggs membranes and to increase their permeability, thus countering egg maturation (Mansfield et al, 1992).…”

“…Leaves and stem bark extracts were found to have various activities including antipyretic, anthelmintic, antidiabetic, protective, antioxidant, antiulcer, antitumor and antimicrobial activities etc., Extracts of the plant showed its effect against constipation, piles and also it is considered to be a detoxifier. Anthelminthic potential of C. fstula was previously reported also, in this regard, Silva et al (2018) assessed the larvicidal and ovicidal activity of protein preparations obtained from Cassia fstula leaves on the gastrointestinal parasites of goats. Cassia fistula pod extract' showed anthelmintic potential, eggs hatching inhibition, and larval mortality were observed also on gastrointestinal nematodes of sheeps (Zaragoza-Bastida et al, 2019).…”

“…Silva et al (2018) investigated the ovicidal and larvicidal activity of protein preparations achieved by Cassia fistula leaves on the gastrointestinal parasites of goats. Their results revealed tha hatching of eggs inhibition is done by of C. fistula protein fraction, in addition, additionally, these fractions of C. fistula caused a significant inhibition in the larval development also.…”