Anthracene removal from water samples using a composite based on metal-organic-frameworks (MIL-101) and magnetic nanoparticles (Fe₃O₄)

Abstract

Polycyclic hydrocarbons constitute an important source of very dangerous pollutants. Different materials have been used as adsorbent for their removal, but they present difficulties in the separation process. The use of a material based on metal-organic framework (MOF) with large pores and high surface area and magnetic nanoparticles with superparamagnetic properties is an interesting strategy. In this work a magnetic composite based on MOF (MIL-101) and Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4/MIL-101) was obtained by a simple synthesis method and used as adsorbent for the removal of anthracene. The composite was characterized by transmission electron microscopy, x-ray powder diffraction and vibrating sample magnetometer. The results showed that kinetic data followed a first-order model and equilibrium data were well fitted by the Langmuir model. The maximum adsorption capacity was 12.7 mg g−1 at pH 6 in 60 min of exposure. The composite was applied for the adsorption of anthracene in water samples reaching more than 95% of anthracene removal in 1 h of contact. The composite material was effectively separated using an external magnet, and no further centrifugation or filtration processes were needed. This composite is a great alternative to remove polycyclic hydrocarbons from water samples and has potential to extend to the removal of other contaminants.

Preparation of magnetic metal‐organic framework MIL‐101(Fe) and its application in the extraction of anthraquinones in rhubarb

“…The 30.7° (2 2 0), 35.5° (3 1 1), 43.1° (2 2 2), 57.0° (4 2 2), and 62.7° (5 1 1) are consistent with the standard XRD data of Fe 3 O 4 (JCPDS Card, No. 89–4319) [35]. Besides, five characteristic peaks for Fe 3 O 4 and two characteristic peaks for NH 2 ‐MIL‐101(Fe) are presented in the graph of Fe 3 O 4 @NH 2 ‐MIL‐101(Fe), indicating that this hybrid material is composed of Fe 3 O 4 and NH 2 ‐MIL‐101(Fe).…”

Synthesis of MIL-Modified Fe3O4 Magnetic Nanoparticles for Enhancing Uptake and Efficiency of Temozolomide in Glioblastoma Treatment

“…Recently, Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) coordination polymers consisting of metal nodes and polydentate organic linkers organized in open porous structures [ 18 , 19 ] and, among them, MILs (Materials Institute Lavoiser) an MOF subclass constituted by trivalent transition metals and bi- or tri-carboxylic ligands, showed great potentiality for biomedical applications either as pure crystals or as composite materials, because of their biocompatibility and capability of loading molecules in their porous structure [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. Moreover, some paper reported on the possibility of combining magnetic nanoparticles with MILs structures either as composite materials made of MILs crystals decorated or loaded with magnetic Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles [ 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ] or core-shell systems in which an Fe 3 O 4 core is covered with a MIL shell [ 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 ]. In both cases typically particles sizes ranged from 200–500 nm.…”

Sunlight light-driven degradation of anthracene and naphthalene on robust Cu2+doped ZnO nanoparticles from simulated rainwater: optimization factors, kinetics, and reusability

“…The comparative decline in the removal efficacy of the real sample compared to the control is caused by two factors: (i) the number of active species is limited according to catalyst dose, which removes both PAHs simultaneously; and (ii) the sample may contains other pollutants (PAHs, heavy metals, and pesticides) despite the NAP and ANT, which further suggests the effectiveness of nanocatalysts. 51–58 Hence, the Cu@ZnO photocatalyst proved to be an efficient sunlight-active catalyst for real samples.…”