Anthropogenic phosphorus flows under different scenarios for the city of Stockholm, Sweden

Wu, Jie; Franzén, Daniel; Malmström, Mikael

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.09.024

Cited by 29 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 38 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The threefold increase in livestock production in the last five decades (Liu et al, ) has led to decreased P‐use efficiency of inorganically fertilized forage crops and P surpluses from inputs of animal urine and manure (MacDonald et al, ; Nesme, Senthilkumar, Mollier, & Pellerin, ). A global reduction in livestock production for dietary consumption would decrease the demand for P and its associated environmental problems (Bai et al, ; Neset & Cordell, ; Wang, Ma, et al, ; Wu et al, ). Decreases in animal production would increase the availability of cropland for producing crops for direct use in human diets, shortening the food chain, and increasing resource‐use efficiencies, including P, but also N and water (Neset & Cordell, ; Rowe et al, ).…”

Section: Strategies To Limit and Mitigate The Negative Impacts Of P Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropogenic global shifts in biospheric N and P concentrations and ratios and their impacts on biodiversity, ecosystem productivity, food security, and human health

Peñuelas

Janssens

Ciais

et al. 2020

Global Change Biology

190

119

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The availability of carbon (C) from high levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and anthropogenic release of nitrogen (N) is increasing, but these increases are not paralleled by increases in levels of phosphorus (P). The current unstoppable changes in the stoichiometries of C and N relative to P have no historical precedent. We describe changes in P and N fluxes over the last five decades that have led to asymmetrical increases in P and N inputs to the biosphere. We identified widespread and rapid changes in N:P ratios in air, soil, water, and organisms and important consequences to the structure, function, and biodiversity of ecosystems. A mass‐balance approach found that the combined limited availability of P and N was likely to reduce C storage by natural ecosystems during the remainder of the 21st Century, and projected crop yields of the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment indicated an increase in nutrient deficiency in developing regions if access to P fertilizer is limited. Imbalances of the N:P ratio would likely negatively affect human health, food security, and global economic and geopolitical stability, with feedbacks and synergistic effects on drivers of global environmental change, such as increasing levels of CO2, climatic warming, and increasing pollution. We summarize potential solutions for avoiding the negative impacts of global imbalances of N:P ratios on the environment, biodiversity, climate change, food security, and human health.

show abstract

Section: Strategies To Limit and Mitigate The Negative Impacts Of P Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropogenic global shifts in biospheric N and P concentrations and ratios and their impacts on biodiversity, ecosystem productivity, food security, and human health

Peñuelas

Janssens

Ciais

et al. 2020

Global Change Biology

190

119

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Various authors illustrated the strong interrelations of human diets and P flows [21,[49][50][51] and dietary shifts were included in a number of P scenario analyses [24,25,27,33,52]. While these analyses mainly calculated the P-related impact of extreme scenarios such as a complete shift to a vegetarian diet, scenarios with more sophisticated assumptions, e.g., balanced diets, have been receiving less attention [30,31].…”

Section: Scenario Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transition of the Swiss Phosphorus System towards a Circular Economy—Part 2: Socio-Technical Scenarios

Jedelhauser¹,

Mehr

Binder

2018

Sustainability

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:A transition towards a circular economy of phosphorus (P) in Switzerland is a multi-faceted challenge as P use is subject to a variety of influencing factors comprising policy interventions, consumption trends, or technological innovations on different spatial scales. Therefore, scenarios for P use that take into account both the social and the technical dimension of change are needed for investigating possible pathways of a transition towards more sustainable P futures. Drawing on the multi-level perspective of transition theory, we develop scenarios on the landscape level, i.e., a balanced and healthy human diet, on the regime level, i.e., P recovery from sewage sludge (ash) and meat and bone meal, and on the niche level, i.e., urine separation. Based on the P system of the year 2015, we assess the quantitative implications of the scenarios for the Swiss P system. While scenario 1 mainly affects the agricultural system by reducing the overall P throughput, scenario 2 significantly changes P use in waste management, because P losses to landfills and cement plants decrease and the production of secondary P increases. Scenario 3 shows little quantitative impact on the national P system. From a qualitative transition perspective, however, urine separation entails fundamental socio-technical shifts in the wastewater system, whereas P recovery from sewage sludge (ash) represents an incremental system adaptation. The combination of flow-and transition-oriented research provides more general insights into how a circular economy of P can be reached. Furthermore, the analysis of P recycling scenarios reveals that transition processes in Switzerland are embedded in a global resource economy. Thus, a sole focus on concepts of national P self-sufficiency and the reduction of Switzerland's P import dependency tend to fall short when analysing the economisation of secondary P materials in the face of transnational resource flows and markets.

show abstract

“… 1 , 4 , 6 For instance, the Swedish government has set a national goal to recover at least 40% of P in wastewater treatment plants. 7 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Induced Calcium Phosphate Precipitation: Importance of Local pH

Yang

Song

Saakes³

et al. 2017

Environ. Sci. Technol.

216

173

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient for living organisms and cannot be replaced or substituted. In this paper, we present a simple yet efficient membrane free electrochemical system for P removal and recovery as calcium phosphate (CaP). This method relies on in situ formation of hydroxide ions by electro mediated water reduction at a titanium cathode surface. The in situ raised pH at the cathode provides a local environment where CaP will become highly supersaturated. Therefore, homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation of CaP occurs near and at the cathode surface. Because of the local high pH, the P removal behavior is not sensitive to bulk solution pH and therefore, efficient P removal was observed in three studied bulk solutions with pH of 4.0 (56.1%), 8.2 (57.4%), and 10.0 (48.4%) after 24 h of reaction time. While P removal efficiencies are not generally affected by bulk solution pH, the chemical-physical properties of CaP solids collected on the cathode are still related to bulk solution pH, as confirmed by structure characterizations. High initial solution pH promotes the formation of more crystalline products with relatively high Ca/P molar ratio. The Ca/P molar ratio increases from 1.30 (pH 4.0) to 1.38 (pH 8.2) and further increases to 1.55 (pH 10.0). The formation of CaP precipitates was a typical crystallization process, with an amorphous phase formed at the initial stage which then transforms to the most stable crystal phase, hydroxyapatite, which is inferred from the increased Ca/P molar ratio from 1.38 (day 1) to the theoretical 1.76 (day 11) and by the formation of needle-like crystals. Finally, we demonstrated the efficiency of this system for real wastewater. This, together with the fact that the electrochemical method can work at low bulk pH, without dosing chemicals and a need for a separation process, highlights the potential application of the electrochemical method for P removal and recovery.

show abstract

Anthropogenic phosphorus flows under different scenarios for the city of Stockholm, Sweden

Cited by 29 publications

References 38 publications

Anthropogenic global shifts in biospheric N and P concentrations and ratios and their impacts on biodiversity, ecosystem productivity, food security, and human health

Anthropogenic global shifts in biospheric N and P concentrations and ratios and their impacts on biodiversity, ecosystem productivity, food security, and human health

Transition of the Swiss Phosphorus System towards a Circular Economy—Part 2: Socio-Technical Scenarios

Electrochemical Induced Calcium Phosphate Precipitation: Importance of Local pH

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About