Anthropogenic Pressure on Tree Species Diversity, Composition, and Growth of Balanites aegyptiaca in Dinder Biosphere Reserve, Sudan

Mohammed, Elmugheira M. I.; Elhag, A.M.H; Ndakidemi, Patrick A.; Treydte, Anna C.

doi:10.3390/plants10030483

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…The other plots have no tree species (bare land), one tree species, and multispecies (more than two species). Similar conditions can also be found in the Tozi tropical dry forest in Sinnar State, Sudan (Yasin and Mulyana 2022), Abu Gadaf natural reserved forest, Sudan (Mohammed et al 2021a), and Dinder biosphere reserve, Sudan (Mohammed et al 2021b). The main factor affecting the bare land and low tree density in Sudan is erratic and low precipitation (Mohammed et al 2016).…”

Section: Biodiversity Of Trees and Crops In The Agroforestry System I...supporting

confidence: 67%

Determinant of farmers’ participation and biodiversity status in the program of agroforestry rehabilitation in Sudan

2022

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Abstract. Hemida M, Mulyana B, Vityi A. 2022. Determinant of farmers’ participation and biodiversity status in the program of agroforestry rehabilitation in Sudan. Biodiversitas 23: 5638-5645. The agroforestry Rehabilitation Program (ARP) was launched in Nabag Reserve Forest (NRF), Sudan, to rehabilitate the forest cover and improve livelihoods for communities around the forest. To enhance the efficacy of such rehabilitation programs, it is crucial to understand the impact of various factors on community perception of participation in forest rehabilitation. The objectives of this study were to (i) examine the factors that influence farmers’ perceptions of their involvement in the program and (ii) assess the biodiversity of trees and crop species in the program. Data was gathered through a survey that included personal interviews with 200 farmers who participated in the program. A total of 250 circular sample plots were established randomly to achieve the second objective. The results showed that extension services, farming experience, family members, educational level, land size, and gum Arabic production positively influence farmers’ perceptions. The study findings identified nine tree species and five crop species in NRF. The dominant tree species were Acacia senegal and Balanites aegyptiaca which represented 62.8% and 12.4 % of the total species, respectively. At the same time, groundnut and watermelon were identified as favorite crops cultivated by farmers. Furthermore, the non-rehabilitated area has shown better value in richness, heterogeneity, and evenness than the rehabilitated areas.

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Section: Biodiversity Of Trees and Crops In The Agroforestry System I...supporting

confidence: 67%

Determinant of farmers’ participation and biodiversity status in the program of agroforestry rehabilitation in Sudan

2022

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“…We checked for normality using the Shapiro test and calculated the tree density and volume using equations 1 and 2 [13,47]. We further compared the crown width, height, and diameter at breast height values of di erent tree species within the sites and between the upper and lower land sites using a two-way ANOVA in JAMOVI [43,48].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…e study area was divided based on the forest topography into upper and lower land sites, where 46 sample plots of 1000m 2 were systematically established across the sites. A er determining the plot boundary and identifying the tree species, tree diameter (diameter at breast height), total tree height, bole height, and crown height, were measured using diameter tape, Suunto clinometer, and Spiegel Relaskop, respectively [47,48]. e identi ed tree species were classi ed into ve groups as gum-producing trees, edible fruit-producing trees, building pole-producing trees, fodder-producing trees, and rewood-producing trees.…”

Section: Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intensive harvesting menaces trees producing fodder, edible fruit, and gum in Abu Gadaf natural reserved forest, Sudan

2023

JEC

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Background: This study aimed to assess the in uence of intensive harvesting on tree dendrometric parameters, seedling recruitment, and sapling density of identi ed tree species in Abu Gadaf natural reserved forest, Sudan. Methods:We used a strati ed sampling design for data collection, and the identi ed tree species were classi ed into ve groups based on the main product utilized locally. Data were collected in 46 sample plots of 1000m 2 systematically distributed across the upper and lower land sites of Abu Gadaf natural reserved forest. Analysis of variance, paired-samples t-test, and regressions in JAMOVI and Minitab were performed for data analysis.Results: Findings revealed that tree-producing gum and edible fruits have small diameters compared to fodder and building pole-producing ones. Although Acacia polyacantha and Acacia seyal have larger mean diameter in the lowerland sites, Sterculia africana and Sterculia setigera displayed the inverse pattern with signi cant di erences between sites (F 1, 45 =102.7 and p<0.01; F 1, 45 =108.3 and p=0.01; F 1, 45 =120.2 and p=0.03, F 1, 45 =111.2 and p=0.02, respectively). Moreover, the mean volume of Anogeissus leiocarpus, Balanites aegyptiaca, Terminalia brownii, and Sclerocarya birrea in upperland sites was twice, three, and ve times equal to that of lowerland ones, respectively. Conclusion:We concluded that intensive harvesting severely a ected fodder, edible fruit, and gum-producing trees in the reserve and reduced their populations. We further recommend an introduction of the Taungya system concept for the restoration of the degraded sites.

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“…Eshaghi et al (2018) illustrated that pole and tree cutting had significant influences on decreasing biomass and plant diversity and changing the species distribution pattern. Furthermore, Mohammed et al (2021) found that 85 percent of tree species have a poor regeneration state as a result of human disturbance, and some species are only found in the mature stage. The human disturbance through illegal logging in Tangkahan is considered one of the causes of the disturbance of keruing regeneration in that area.…”

Section: Tree Stagementioning

confidence: 99%

Floristic composition and diversity at Keruing (Dipterocarpus spp.) habitat in Tangkahan, Gunung Leuser National Park, Indonesia

Susilowati

Rachmat²,

Elfiati

et al. 2021

Biodiversitas

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Abstract. Susilowati A, Rachmat HH, Elfiati D, Hidayat A, Hadi AN, Zaitunah A, Nainggolan D, Ginting IM. 2021. Floristic composition and diversity at Keruing (Dipterocarpus spp.) habitat in Tangkahan, Gunung Leuser National Park, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 4448-4456. Dipterocarpus spp., or locally known as Keruing, is a wood-producing tree and has high economic value. Keruing also produces derivative products in oil and oleoresin, which are widely used as raw materials for medicines and perfumes. Keruing natural population has been severely declining caused by habitat alteration and also over exploitation. Therefore, information on the composition and diversity of the floristic community at their habitat is important as an initial step in designing conservation actions. This study aims to determine the floristic composition and diversity at the keruing habitat in the Tangkahan area, Gunung Leuser National Park (Gunung Leuser NP). A line transect has been used to establish a purposive sampling in particular forest areas where the population of the keruing is known to grow naturally. Four line transects, each with five nested plots, totaling 110 plots, were established to gather data at four growth stages. The results found 47 species at the seedling stage, 43 species at the sapling stage, 48 species at the pole stage and 65 species at the tree stage. There were three species of keruing in the research location, namely Dipterocarpus haseltii, Dipterocarpus costulatus and Dipterocarpus elongatus Korth with low IVI values ??at each stage. D. haseltii was only found at the seedling, pole and tree stage with IVI values ??of 0.32, 0.30, and 6.90, respectively. D. costulatus was only found at the tree level with an IVI value of 3.43, while D. elongatus found at the sapling and tree stage with an IVI of 0.30 and 3.42, respectively. The diversity index in the research location was in the medium category at the seedling, sapling, and pole levels with a value of 2.96, 2.86, and 2.92, respectively and was classified as high at the tree level with a value of 3.18. The evenness index (E') in all growth stages is high or evenly distributed with the value of E' > 0.75. The species diversity in research location classified into medium-high category although in each stage showing dynamic on species domination. Disturbed habitat due to illegal logging and land conversion caused a problem on keruing regeneration. Conservation efforts, including active monitoring keruing occurrence, ex-situ conservation, and artificial regeneration, are needed to avoid keruing from extinction.

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Anthropogenic Pressure on Tree Species Diversity, Composition, and Growth of Balanites aegyptiaca in Dinder Biosphere Reserve, Sudan

Cited by 11 publications

References 61 publications

Determinant of farmers’ participation and biodiversity status in the program of agroforestry rehabilitation in Sudan

Determinant of farmers’ participation and biodiversity status in the program of agroforestry rehabilitation in Sudan

Intensive harvesting menaces trees producing fodder, edible fruit, and gum in Abu Gadaf natural reserved forest, Sudan

Floristic composition and diversity at Keruing (Dipterocarpus spp.) habitat in Tangkahan, Gunung Leuser National Park, Indonesia

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