Anthropogenic versus climatic control in a high-resolution 1500-year chironomid stratigraphy from a southwestern Greenland lake

Millet, Laurent; Massa, Charly; Bichet, Vincent; Frossard, Victor; Belle, Simon; Gauthier, Émilie

doi:10.1016/j.yqres.2014.01.004

Cited by 26 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…We identified a major change point during the 17th century, which corresponds to the coolest period of the last 2200 years (between AD 1640 and 1780; Millet et al . ). Moreover, the microbial eukaryotes community appeared to be structured according to the main climatic periods (MWP, LIA, CWP; Mckay & Kaufman ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…; Millet et al . ). Here, we highlight profound changes in the dominant taxa between the three consecutive climatic periods, and this palaeolimnological view provides new material for generating hypotheses regarding the impact of climate on eukaryotic taxa.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…; Millet et al . ) reported subtle changes over the last 1450 years and until 1980 AD. Our results are rather different as both marked modifications in the richness and structure of microbial eukaryotic assemblages are detected concomitantly with known climatic fluctuations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This lake has been preserved from the marked eutrophication. In Greenland, only two periods of agropastoral activities were inventoried: (i) the Norse settlement period between AD 986 and the middle of the 15th century (Arneborg et al 2011;Massa et al 2012;Guillemot et al 2015) and (ii) the recent occupation, since the 1920s, marked by moderate eutrophication around the 1980s (Austrheim et al 2008;Perren et al 2012;Millet et al 2014).…”

Section: Study Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long‐term dynamics in microbial eukaryotes communities: a palaeolimnological view based on sedimentary DNA

et al. 2016

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Assessing the extent to which changes in lacustrine biodiversity are affected by anthropogenic or climatic forces requires extensive palaeolimnological data. We used high-throughput sequencing to generate time-series data encompassing over 2200 years of microbial eukaryotes (protists and Fungi) diversity changes from the sedimentary DNA record of two lakes (Lake Bourget in French Alps and Lake Igaliku in Greenland). From 176 samples, we sequenced a large diversity of microbial eukaryotes, with a total 16 386 operational taxonomic units distributed within 50 phylogenetic groups. Thus, microbial groups, such as Chlorophyta, Dinophyceae, Haptophyceae and Ciliophora, that were not previously considered in lacustrine sediment record analyses appeared to be potential biological markers of trophic status changes. Our data suggest that shifts in relative abundance of extant species, including shifts between rare and abundant taxa, drive ecosystem responses to local and global environmental changes. Community structure shift events were concomitant with major climate variations (more particularly in Lake Igaliku). However, this study shows that the impacts of climatic fluctuations may be overpassed by the high-magnitude eutrophication impacts, as observed in the eutrophicated Lake Bourget. Overall, our data show that DNA preserved in sediment constitutes a precious archive of information on past biodiversity changes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long‐term dynamics in microbial eukaryotes communities: a palaeolimnological view based on sedimentary DNA

et al. 2016

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“…Greenland (Vinther et al, 2010), and chironomid assemblages from southern Greenland (Millet et al, 2014). However, the gridded temperature data for High Arctic Greenland and many other remote grid points in the High Arctic (CRU, 2014) do not indicate an early 20th century warming phase (see Macias-Fauria et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

High Arctic summer warming tracked by increased Cassiope tetragona growth in the world's northernmost polar desert

Weijers

Buchwał

Blok

et al. 2017

Global Change Biology

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Rapid climate warming has resulted in shrub expansion, mainly of erect deciduous shrubs in the Low Arctic, but the more extreme, sparsely vegetated, cold and dry High Arctic is generally considered to remain resistant to such shrub expansion in the next decades. Dwarf shrub dendrochronology may reveal climatological causes of past changes in growth, but is hindered at many High Arctic sites by short and fragmented instrumental climate records. Moreover, only few High Arctic shrub chronologies cover the recent decade of substantial warming. This study investigated the climatic causes of growth variability of the evergreen dwarf shrub Cassiope tetragona between 1927 and 2012 in the northernmost polar desert at 83°N in North Greenland. We analysed climate-growth relationships over the period with available instrumental data (1950-2012) between a 102-year-long C. tetragona shoot length chronology and instrumental climate records from the three nearest meteorological stations, gridded climate data, and North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and Arctic Oscillation (AO) indices. July extreme maximum temperatures (JulT ), as measured at Alert, Canada, June NAO, and previous October AO, together explained 41% of the observed variance in annual C. tetragona growth and likely represent in situ summer temperatures. JulT explained 27% and was reconstructed back to 1927. The reconstruction showed relatively high growing season temperatures in the early to mid-twentieth century, as well as warming in recent decades. The rapid growth increase in C. tetragona shrubs in response to recent High Arctic summer warming shows that recent and future warming might promote an expansion of this evergreen dwarf shrub, mainly through densification of existing shrub patches, at High Arctic sites with sufficient winter snow cover and ample water supply during summer from melting snow and ice as well as thawing permafrost, contrasting earlier notions of limited shrub growth sensitivity to summer warming in the High Arctic.

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Combining limnology and paleolimnology to assess the influence of climate change on two lakes in Southern Greenland

et al. 2017

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Anthropogenic versus climatic control in a high-resolution 1500-year chironomid stratigraphy from a southwestern Greenland lake

Abstract: International audienc

Cited by 26 publications

References 40 publications

Long‐term dynamics in microbial eukaryotes communities: a palaeolimnological view based on sedimentary DNA

Long‐term dynamics in microbial eukaryotes communities: a palaeolimnological view based on sedimentary DNA

High Arctic summer warming tracked by increased Cassiope tetragona growth in the world's northernmost polar desert

Combining limnology and paleolimnology to assess the influence of climate change on two lakes in Southern Greenland

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